The Atacama Large Aperture Submillimetre Telescope (AtLAST)
Pamela D. Klaassen, Tony Mroczkowski, Claudia Cicone, Evanthia Hatziminaoglou, Sabrina Sartori, Carlos De Breuck, Sean Bryan, Simon R. Dicker, Carlos Duran, Chr… 展开作者
Pamela D. Klaassen, Tony Mroczkowski, Claudia Cicone, Evanthia Hatziminaoglou, Sabrina Sartori, Carlos De Breuck, Sean Bryan, Simon R. Dicker, Carlos Duran, Chris Groppi, Hans Kärcher, Ryohei Kawabe, Kotaro Kohno, James Geach
备注：
20 pages, 5 figures, to be submitted to SPIE Astronomical telescopes & Instruments 2020, Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes VIII (conference 11445, abstract 290)
发表信息：
Proceedings of the SPIE, Volume 11445, id. 114452F 20 pp. (2020)
The coldest and densest structures of gas and dust in the Universe have unique spectral signatures across the (sub-)millimetre bands ($ν\approx 30-950$~GHz). The current generation of single dish facilities has given a glimpse of the potential for discovery, while sub-mm interferometers have presented a high resolution view into the finer details of known targets or in small-area deep fields. However, significant advances in our understanding of such cold and dense structures are now hampered by the limited sensitivity and angular resolution of our sub-mm view of the Universe at larger scales.
In this context, we present the case for a new transformational astronomical facility in the 2030s, the Atacama Large Aperture Submillimetre Telescope (AtLAST). AtLAST is a concept for a 50-m-class single dish telescope, with a high throughput provided by a 2~deg - diameter Field of View, located on a high, dry site in the Atacama with good atmospheric transmission up to $ν\sim 1$~THz, and fully powered by renewable energy.
We envision AtLAST as a facility operated by an international partnership with a suite of instruments to deliver the transformative science that cannot be achieved with current or in-construction observatories. As an 50m-diameter telescope with a full complement of advanced instrumentation, including highly multiplexed high-resolution spectrometers, continuum cameras and integral field units, AtLAST will have mapping speeds hundreds of times greater than current or planned large aperture ($>$ 12m) facilities. By reaching confusion limits below L$_*$ in the distant Universe, resolving low-mass protostellar cores at the distance of the Galactic Centre, and directly mapping both the cold and the hot (the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect) circumgalactic medium of galaxies, AtLAST will enable a fundamentally new understanding of the sub-mm Universe.
The sub-mm sky is a unique window for probing the architecture of the Universe and structures within it. From the discovery of dusty sub-mm galaxies, to the ringed nature of protostellar disks, our understanding of the formation, destruction, and evolution of objects in the Universe requires a comprehensive view of the sub-mm sky. The current generation single-dish sub-mm facilities have shown of the potential for discovery, while interferometers have presented a high resolution view into the finer details. However, our understanding of large-scale structure and our full use of these interfero…
(abridged) The Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) project aims to build a 50-m-class submm telescope with $>1^\circ$ field of view, high in the Atacama Desert, providing fast and detailed mapping of the mm/submm sky. It will thus serve as a strong complement to existing facilities such as ALMA. ALMA's small field of view ($<15^{\prime\prime}$ at 350 GHz) limits its mapping speed for large surveys. Instead, a single dish with a large field of view such as the AtLAST concept can host large multi-element instruments that can more efficiently map large portions of the sky. Sma…
The Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) is a concept for a 50m class single-dish telescope that will provide high sensitivity, fast mapping of the (sub-)millimeter sky. Expected to be powered by renewable energy sources, and to be constructed in the Atacama desert in the 2030s, AtLAST's suite of up to six state-of-the-art instruments will take advantage of its large field of view and high throughput to deliver efficient continuum and spectroscopic observations of the faint, large-scale emission that eludes current facilities. Here we present the key science drivers for the …
The Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST): enabling large-scale sub-mm science beyond 2030
Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学理论天体物理研究所）；Institute of Space Sciences (ICE-CSIC)（空间科学研究所（ICE-CSIC））；Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC)（加泰罗尼亚空间研究学院（IEEC））；Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC)（加那利群岛天体物理研究所（IAC））；Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna（拉古纳大学天体物理学系）；European Southern Observatory (ESO)（欧洲南方天文台（ESO））；OHB Digital Connect（OHB数字连接公司）；Department of Technology Systems, University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学技术系统系）；MPIfR（马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所）；UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh（英国天体技术中心，爱丁堡皇家天文台）；IPARCOS-UCM, Universidad Complutense de Madrid（马德里康普顿斯大学IPARCOS研究中心）；Department of EEC Engineering, University of Pretoria（比勒陀利亚大学电气工程与电子工程系）；University of Tokyo（东京大学）；INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari（意大利国家天体物理研究所卡利亚里天文台）；Nagoya University（名古屋大学）；Rosseland Centre for Solar Physics, University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学罗斯兰太阳物理中心）；ESO（欧洲南方天文台）；ICREA（加泰罗尼亚卓越研究奖计划）；Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM（巴黎萨克雷大学、巴黎西岱大学、法国原子能和替代能源委员会、法国国家科学研究中心、AIM）；TU Delft（代尔夫特理工大学）
Expanding the Horizon of Black Hole Imaging with AtLAST
Heriot-Watt University（赫瑞-瓦特大学）；University of Naples Federico II（那不勒斯费德里科二世大学）；MSSL, University College London（伦敦大学学院太空与气候物理研究所）；Yamaguchi University（山口大学）；Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics（中央研究院天文及天文物理研究所）；Nagoya City University（名古屋市立大学）；Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory（麻省理工学院海斯塔克观测站）；Niigata University（新潟大学）；Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, IAA-CSIC（安达卢西亚天体物理研究所）；University of Lancashire（兰开夏大学）
Simulation-based dynamic pointing analysis of AtLAST under wind loading and fast-scan conditions
OHB Digital Connect（OHB数字连接）；Institute of Space Sciences (ICE-CSIC)（空间科学研究所（ICE-CSIC））；Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC)（加泰罗尼亚空间研究学院（IEEC））；Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学理论天体物理研究所）
The proposed next generation Event Horizon Telescope (ngEHT) concept envisions the imaging of various astronomical sources on scales of microarcseconds in unprecedented detail with at least two orders of magnitude improvement in the image dynamic ranges by extending the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). A key technical component of ngEHT is the utilization of large aperture telescopes to anchor the entire array, allowing the connection of less sensitive stations through highly sensitive fringe detections to form a dense network across the planet. Here, we introduce two projects for planned next g…
The Atacama Desert has long been established as an excellent site for submillimeter observations. Yet identifying potentially optimal locations for a new facility within this region can require long field campaigns that rely on the construction of weather stations and radiometer facilities to take data over sufficiently long timescales. Meanwhile, high-level remote sensing data products from satellites have generally only been available at >25 km resolution, limiting their utility for astronomical site selection. We aim to improve and expedite the process of site selection through the use of k…
We present a conceptual study of a large format imaging spectrograph for the Large Submillimeter Telescope (LST) and the Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST). Recent observations of high-redshift galaxies indicate the onset of earliest star formation just a few 100 million years after the Big Bang (i.e., z = 12--15), and LST/AtLAST will provide a unique pathway to uncover spectroscopically-identified first forming galaxies in the pre-reionization era, once it will be equipped with a large format imaging spectrograph. We propose a 3-band (200, 255, and 350 GHz), medium resolu…
We report the results of the performance characterization of a prototype wavefront sensor for millimetric adaptive optics (MAO) installed on the Nobeyama 45 m radio telescope. MAO is a key component to realize a future large-aperture submillimeter telescope, such as Large Submillimeter Telescope (LST) or Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST). The difficulty of MAO is, however, real-time sensing of wavefront deformation with ~10 um accuracy across the aperture. Our wavefront sensor operating at 20 GHz measures the radio path length between a certain position of the primary mir…
We present a new publicly available tool (DustPol) aimed to model the polarised thermal dust emission. The module DustPol, which is publicly available, is part of the ARTIST (Adaptable Radiative Transfer Innovations for Submillimetre Telescopes) package, which also offers tools for modelling the polarisation of line emission together with a model library and a Python-based user interface. DustPol can easily manage analytical as well as pre-gridded models to generate synthetic maps of the Stokes I, Q, and U parameters. These maps are stored in FITS format which is straightforwardly read by the …
(abridged) The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) was the top-ranked priority for a new ground-based facility in the 2000 Canadian Long Range Plan. Ten years later, at the time of LRP2010, ALMA construction was well underway, with first science observations anticipated for 2011. In the past 8 years, ALMA has proved itself to be a high-impact, high-demand observatory, with record numbers of proposals submitted to the annual calls and large numbers of highly cited scientific papers across fields from protoplanetary disks to high-redshift galaxies and quasars. The LRP2010 ALMA wh…
Identifying the counterparts of submillimetre (submm) galaxies (SMGs) in multiwavelength images is a critical step towards building accurate models of the evolution of strongly star-forming galaxies in the early Universe. However, obtaining a statistically significant sample of robust associations is very challenging due to the poor angular resolution of single-dish submm facilities. Recently, a large sample of single-dish-detected SMGs in the UKIDSS UDS field, a subset of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey (S2CLS), was followed up with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA),…
We present methods to (i) graphically identify robust redshifts using emission lines in the (sub)mm regime, (ii) evaluate the capabilities of different (sub)mm practices for measuring spectroscopic redshifts, and (iii) optimise future (sub)mm observations towards increasing the fraction of robust redshifts. Using this publicly-available code (https://github.com/tjlcbakx/redshift-search-graphs), we discuss scenarios where robust redshifts can be identified using both single- and multiple-line detections, as well as scenarios where the redshift remains ambiguous, even after the detection of mult…
