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arXiv 2010.08554astro-ph.HE
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窄线Seyfert 1星系的光学瞬变谱

A Family Tree of Optical Transients from Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies

Sara Frederick, Suvi Gezari, Matthew J. Graham, Jesper Sollerman, Sjoert van Velzen, Daniel A. Perley, Daniel Stern, Charlotte Ward, Erica Hammerstein, Tiara Hu… 展开作者

Sara Frederick, Suvi Gezari, Matthew J. Graham, Jesper Sollerman, Sjoert van Velzen, Daniel A. Perley, Daniel Stern, Charlotte Ward, Erica Hammerstein, Tiara Hung, Lin Yan, Igor Andreoni, Eric C. Bellm, Dmitry A. Duev, Marek Kowalski, Ashish A. Mahabal, Frank J. Masci, Michael Medford, Ben Rusholme, Richard Walters

摘要:

Zwicky瞬变观测站(ZTF)发现了5个新的活动星系核事件,它们属于一个新兴的活动星系核类别,经历着振幅大、上升时间快的平滑耀斑。这个样本由几个瞬变组成,最初被归类为具有窄谱线的超新星。然而,经过更仔细的观察,所有的宿主星系都显示出窄线塞弗特1(NLSy1)星系特有的巴耳末线。瞬变事件是长期的,平均超过400天。我们报告了耀斑的紫外线和X射线跟踪,并观察到持续的紫外线明亮发射,五个瞬变中有两个是用发光的X射线发射检测到的,排除了超新星的解释。我们比较了这个样本的性质,以前报道的耀斑NLSy1星系,并发现它们分为三个光谱类别:瞬态与1)巴尔默线轮廓和Fe II复合物典型的NLSy1s,2)强He II配置文件,和3)He II配置文件,包括鲍文荧光功能。后者是由Trakhtenbrot等人(2019)报告的增强吸积引起的不断增长的AGN耀斑的成员。我们认为物理解释的背景下,相关的瞬态从文献。例如,其中两个源在光学上显示出高振幅的再亮,排除了这些瞬变的简单潮汐破坏事件场景。我们得出结论,其中三个样本属于Trakhtenbrot等人。(2019)类,两个是NLSy1中的TDE。我们还旨在了解为什么NLSy1s优先的网站,这种快速增强的耀斑活动。

英文摘要:

The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) has discovered five new events belonging to an emerging class of AGN undergoing smooth flares with large amplitudes and rapid rise times. This sample consists of several transients that were initially classified as supernovae with narrow spectral lines. However, upon closer inspection, all of the host galaxies display resolved Balmer lines characteristic of a narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1) galaxy. The transient events are long-lived, over 400 days on average. We report UV and X-ray follow-up of the flares and observe persistent UV-bright emission, with two of the five transients detected with luminous X-ray emission, ruling out a supernova interpretation. We compare the properties of this sample to previously reported flaring NLSy1 galaxies, and find that they fall into three spectroscopic categories: Transients with 1) Balmer line profiles and Fe II complexes typical of NLSy1s, 2) strong He II profiles, and 3) He II profiles including Bowen fluorescence features. The latter are members of the growing class of AGN flares attributed to enhanced accretion reported by Trakhtenbrot et al. (2019). We consider physical interpretations in the context of related transients from the literature. For example, two of the sources show high amplitude rebrightening in the optical, ruling out a simple tidal disruption event scenario for those transients. We conclude that three of the sample belong to the Trakhtenbrot et al. (2019) class, and two are TDEs in NLSy1s. We also aim to understand why NLSy1s are preferentially the sites of such rapid enhanced flaring activity.

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