空间和地面观测流星定位的准确性
Accuracy of meteor positioning from space-and ground-based observations
摘要：
目标。关于流星的轨道和起源的知识对于研究流星体和早期太阳系是重要的。随着专门用于地球观测或直接用于流星观测的超小型卫星项目的增加（例如，Meteorix CubeSat），我们研究了使用一对相机（一个部署在空间，一个部署在地面）进行流星位置的立体测量，旨在了解精度和主要驱动因素。这项研究将揭示系统设置的要求和有利于流星三角测量的几何形状。方法.本文介绍了从空间和地面进行立体测量的原理，并进行了误差分析。具体而言，相机的分辨率，卫星的姿态和轨道确定精度，以及由移动目标和观测器形成的几何形状的影响进行了研究。结果为了达到1公里的理想定位精度，必须为卫星配备高精度传感器（例如，星跟踪器和GPS接收机）进行精密姿态和轨道确定。当目标在30度的仰角时，可以出现最佳精度。相对于地面站。
英文摘要：
Aims. The knowledge of the orbits and origins derived from meteors is important for the study of meteoroids and of the early solar system. With an increase in nano-satellite projects dedicated to Earth observations or directly to meteor observations (e.g., the Meteorix CubeSat), we investigate the stereoscopic measurement of meteor positions using a pair of cameras, one deployed in space and one on the ground, and aim to understand the accuracy and the main driving factors. This study will reveal the requirements for system setups and the geometry favorable for meteor triangulation. Methods. This Letter presents the principle of the stereoscopic measurement from space and the ground, and an error analysis. Specifically, the impacts of the resolutions of the cameras, the attitude and orbit determination accuracy of the satellite, and the geometry formed by the moving target and observers are investigated. Results. To reach a desirable positioning accuracy of 1 km it is necessary to equip the satellite with high-accuracy sensors (e.g., star tracker and GPS receiver) to perform fine attitude and orbit determination. The best accuracy can occur when the target is at an elevation of 30 deg. with respect to the ground station.
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