犬和人心室组织数学模型中的螺旋波和涡卷波动力学与不同的钾和钙电流
Spiral- and scroll-wave dynamics in mathematical models for canine and human ventricular tissue with varying Potassium and Calcium currents
摘要：
我们在心室组织的数学模型中，对螺旋波和涡旋波动力学对延迟整流钾电流的最大电导$G_{Kr}$的依赖性进行了系统的直接数值模拟研究（$I_{Kr}$）通道，以及参数$γ_{Cao}$，其确定用于L型钙电流通道的电流$I_{CaL}$的大小和形状，以正方形和解剖学上真实的形式，使用犬和人类模型的全心室模拟域。我们使用心室几何结构与纤维方向的细节，并采用生理上逼真的模型，为犬心室肌细胞。我们限制自己的HRD模型参数制度，这不会产生螺旋和涡旋波不稳定性，因为其他的，充分研究的原因，如一个非常尖锐的动作电位持续时间恢复（APDR）曲线或早期后去极化（EAD）在单细胞水平。我们发现螺旋波或涡旋波动力学主要受$I_{CaL}$和$I_{Kr}$同时变化的影响，而不是受这些电流中任何一个的变化的影响;在HRD模型的这个参数范围内，其它海流对这些波浪动力学没有如此大的影响。我们得到了$G_{Kr} -γ_{Cao}$平面上的稳定性图。在3D域中，域的几何形状支持涡卷波的限制，并使它们与2D域中的螺旋波对应物相比更稳定。我们还对我们的HRD结果与人心室TP 06模型的HRD结果进行了比较，发现了重要的差异。在这两个模型中，要实现跃迁（从破波态到稳定涡卷态，反之亦然），我们必须同时增加$I_{Kr}$和减少$I_{CaL}$ ;仅修改其中一个电流不足以实现这种跃迁。
英文摘要：
We conduct a systematic,direct-numerical-simulation study,in mathematical models for ventricular tissue,of the dependence of spiral-and scroll-wave dynamics on $G_{Kr}$, the maximal conductance of the delayed rectifier Potassium current($I_{Kr}$) channel,and the parameter $γ_{Cao}$,which determines the magnitude and shape of the current $I_{CaL}$ for the L-type calcium-current channel,in both square and anatomically realistic,whole-ventricle simulation domains using canine and human models. We use ventricular geometry with fiber-orientation details and employ a physiologically realistic model for a canine ventricular myocyte. We restrict ourselves to an HRD-model parameter regime, which does not produce spiral- and scroll-wave instabilities because of other,well-studied causes like a very sharp action-potential-duration-restitution (APDR) curve or early after depolarizations(EADs) at the single-cell level. We find that spiral- or scroll-wave dynamics are affected predominantly by a simultaneous change in $I_{CaL}$ and $I_{Kr}$,rather than by a change in any one of these currents;other currents do not have such a large effect on these wave dynamics in this parameter regime of the HRD model.We obtain stability diagrams in the $G_{Kr} -γ_{Cao}$ plane.In the 3D domain,the geometry of the domain supports the confinement of the scroll waves and makes them more stable compared to their spiral-wave counterparts in 2D domain. We have also carried out a comparison of our HRD results with their counterparts for the human-ventricular TP06 model and have found important differences. In both these models,to make a transition,(from broken-wave to stable-scroll states or vice versa) we must simultaneously increase $I_{Kr}$ and decrease $I_{CaL}$;a modification of only one of these currents is not enough to effect this transition.
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