Yen-Jie chen, Tzonelih Hwang, Chia-Wei Tsai
This paper proposes the first mediated semi-quantum key distribution in randomization-based environment with an untrusted third party(TP) who has the complete quantum capabilities to help two classical users to establish a secure key. The entanglement swapping between the collapsed qubits of Bell states and the Bell states is used to facilitate the design of the RSQKD protocol.
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We investigate dynamics of semi-quantal spin systems in which quantum bits are attached to classically and possibly stochastically moving classical particles. The interaction between the quantum bits takes place when the respective classical particles get close to each other in space. We find that with Heisenberg XX couplings quantum homogenization takes place after a time long enough, regardless of the details of the underlying classical dynamics. This is accompanied by the development of a stationary bipartite entanglement. If the information on the details of the motion of a stochastic clas…
This study proposes a new mediated asymmetric semi-quantum key distribution (MASQKD) protocol. With the help of a dishonest third party, two classical participants, who have only limited asymmetric quantum capabilities, can share a secret key with each other. The proposed protocol is shown to be immune to several well-known attacks. Furthermore, an improved MASQKD protocol is proposed in which the quantum capabilities of one participant can be further reduced.
Mediated semi-quantum key distribution involves the use of two end-users who have very restricted, almost classical, capabilities, who wish to establish a shared secret key using the help of a fully-quantum server who may be adversarial. In this paper, we introduce a new mediated semi-quantum key distribution protocol, extending prior work, which has asymptotically perfect efficiency. Though this comes at the cost of decreased noise tolerance, our protocol is backwards compatible with prior work, so users may easily switch to the old (normally less efficient) protocol if the noise level is hig…
Semi-quantum inspired lightweight protocol is an important research issue in realization of quantum protocols. However, the previous semi-quantum inspired lightweight mediated quantum key distribution (SQIL-MQKD) protocols need to use the Bell states or measure the Bell states. The generation and measurement of Bell states are more difficult and expensive than those of single photons. To solve this problem, a semi-quantum inspired lightweight mediated quantum key distribution with limited resource protocol is proposed. In this protocol, an untrusted third party (TP) only needs to perform the q…
Gain-switched lasers are in demand in numerous quantum applications, particularly, in systems of quantum key distribution and in various optical quantum random number generators. The reason for this popularity is natural phase randomization between gain-switched laser pulses. The idea of such randomization has become so familiar that most authors use it without regard to the features of the laser operation mode they use. However, at high repetition rates of laser pulses or when pulses are generated at a bias current close to the threshold, the phase randomization condition may be violated. Thi…
Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocols allow for the establishment of a secret key between two users Alice and Bob, when one of the two users (typically Bob) is limited or "classical" in nature. Recently it was shown that protocols exists when both parties are limited/classical in nature if they utilize the services of a quantum server. These protocols are called mediated SQKD protocols. This server, however, is untrusted and, in fact, adversarial. In this paper, we reconsider a mediated SQKD protocol and derive a new proof of unconditional security for it. In particular, we derive a n…
Secret key rate bounds for quantum key distribution with non-uniform phase randomization
本研究针对诱饵态量子密钥分发中非均匀相位随机化的实际偏差，提出基于半定规划和基失配事件的参数估计方法，证明该方案对相位非均匀性具有鲁棒性，并显著提升密钥率界。
Efficient Mediated Semi-Quantum Key Distribution Protocol Using Single Qubits
本文提出一种新的高效中介半量子密钥分发协议，通过让不可信第三方仅在X基下制备和测量量子比特，经典参与方仅在Z基下操作并执行Hadamard操作，在保持量子比特效率的同时提升实用性，并证明其安全性。
Efficient Mediated Multiparty Semi-Quantum Secret Sharing Protocol Based on Single-Qubit Reordering
本文提出首个基于单量子比特重排序的中介多方半量子秘密共享协议，使经典用户Alice与多个经典Bob在不可信第三方协助下共享秘密，仅需两种经典能力，提高了量子比特效率并抵御已知攻击。
Mediated semi-quantum key distribution (M-SQKD) permits two limited "semi-quantum" or "classical" users to establish a secret key with the help of a third party (TP), in which TP has fully quantum power and may be untrusted. Several protocols have been studied recently for two-party scenarios, but no one has considered M-SQKD for multi-party scenarios. In this paper, we design a circular M-SQKD protocol based on Bell states, which offers an approach to realizing multiple "classical" users' key distribution. Then, we prove the protocol is unconditional security in the asymptotic scenario. The p…
In this paper, we design a new quantum key distribution protocol, allowing two limited semi-quantum or "classical" users to establish a shared secret key with the help of a fully quantum server. A semi-quantum user can only prepare and measure qubits in the computational basis and so must rely on this quantum server to produce qubits in alternative bases and also to perform alternative measurements. However, we assume that the sever is untrusted and we prove the unconditional security of our protocol even in the worst case: when this quantum server is an all-powerful adversary. We also compute…
We propose a scheme for quantum state transfer(QST) between two qubits which is based on their individual interaction with a common boson environment. The corresponding single mode spin-boson Hamiltonian is solved by mapping it onto a wave propagation problem in a semi-infinite ladder and the fidelity is obtained. High fidelity occurs when the qubits are equally coupled to the boson while the fidelity becomes smaller for nonsymmetric couplings. The complete phase diagram for such an arbitrary QST mediated by bosons is discussed.
The realization of a coherent interface between distant charge or spin qubits in semiconductor quantum dots is an open challenge for quantum information processing. Here we demonstrate both resonant and non-resonant photon-mediated coherent interactions between double quantum dot charge qubits separated by several tens of micrometers. We present clear spectroscopic evidence of the collective enhancement of the resonant coupling of two qubits. With both qubits detuned from the resonator we observe exchange coupling between the qubits mediated by virtual photons. In both instances pronounced bri…
Due to the exiting semi-quantum secret sharing protocol have two challenges including (1) the dealer must be the quantum user, and (2) the classical users must equip with the Trojan Horse detectors, this study wants to propose a novel mediate semi-quantum secret sharing (MSQSS) protocol to let a classical dealer can share his/her secrets to the classical agents with the help of a dishonest third-party (TP). The proposed MSQSS protocol adopts the one-way quantum communication and thus it is free from the Trojan Horse attacks. Furthermore, the security analysis is given for proving that the prop…
The mediated semi-quantum key distribution (MSQKD) protocol is an important research issue that lets two classical participants share secret keys securely between each other with the help of a third party (TP). However, in the existing MSQKD protocols, there are two improvable issues, namely (1) the classical participants must be equipped with expensive detectors to avoid Trojan horse attacks and (2) the trustworthiness level of TP must be honest. To the best of our knowledge, none of the existing MSQKD protocols can resolve both these issues. Therefore, this study takes Bell states as the qua…
Neutrino thermalization via randomization on a quantum processor
本研究利用随机量子电路模拟超新星中微子的大规模非局域动力学，验证了热化行为，并发现热化时间随系统尺寸平方根增长，展示了近期量子设备在验证经典方法中的应用。
In this paper, we propose two semi-quantum dialogue (SQD) protocols by using single photons as the quantum carriers, where one requires the classical party to possess the measurement capability and the other does not have this requirement. The security towards active attacks from an outside Eve in the first SQD protocol is guaranteed by the complete robustness of present semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocols, the classical one-time pad encryption, the classical party's randomization operation and the decoy photon technology. The information leakage problem of the first SQD protocol is…
We investigate pump-induced exciton inversion in a quantum-dot cavity system with continuous wave drive. Using a polaron-based master equation, we demonstrate excited-state populations above 0.9 for an InAs dot at a phonon bath temperature of 4K. In an exciton-driven system, the dominant mechanism is incoherent excitation from the phonon bath. For cavity driving, the mechanism is phonon-mediated switching between ground- and excited-state branches of the ladder of photon states, as quantum trajectory simulations clearly show. The exciton inversion as a function of detuning is found to be quali…
We describe and analyse numerically schemes (i) for entangling orthogonal motional modes of one or a few harmonically-trapped atoms or ions, and (ii) for transferring the entanglement from one of these local modes to a distant trapped atom (or atoms) via a light-mediated quantum state transfer procedure proposed in previous work [A.S. Parkins and H.J. Kimble, J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 1, 496 (1999)]. Possibilities arising from these schemes include the generation of an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen state in the positions and momenta of distantly-separated trapped atoms and the preparation o…
Understanding the spin dephasing mechanism is of fundamental importance in all potential applications of the spin qubit. Here we demonstrate a spin dephasing mechanism in semiconductor quantum dot due to the $1/f$ charge noise. The spin-charge interaction is mediated by the interplay between the spin-orbit coupling and the asymmetrical quantum dot confining potential. The dephasing rate is proportional to both the strength of the spin-orbit coupling and the degree of the asymmetry of the confining potential. For parameters typical of the InSb, InAs, and GaAs quantum dots with a moderate well-h…
Can entanglement be mediated by a Koopmanian system?
提出将Koopmanian经典系统与两个量子比特耦合以介导相互作用的方法，并证明该动力学无法使两量子比特产生纠缠，复合系统违反精确守恒定律，为量子引力的半经典处理提供启示。
Semiconductor qubits rely on the control of charge and spin degrees of freedom of electrons or holes confined in quantum dots (QDs). They constitute a promising approach to quantum information processing [1, 2], complementary to superconducting qubits [3]. Typically, semiconductor qubit-qubit coupling is short range [1, 2, 4, 5], effectively limiting qubit distance to the spatial extent of the wavefunction of the confined particle, which represents a significant constraint towards scaling to reach dense 1D or 2D arrays of QD qubits. Following the success of circuit quantum eletrodynamics [6], …
We theoretically study the generation of quantum correlations in a hybrid system composed by two interacting semiconductor quantum dots mediated by a metal nanoparticle and coupled to an external laser field. Interactions present in the hybrid system are treated using a semiclassical approximation except for the direct dipole-dipole interaction. We report the entanglement of formation, which gives information about entanglement quantum correlations, for continuous wave and pulsed driving applied fields. We have found that for proper values of the physical and geometrical parameters of the hybr…
Scalable architectures for quantum information technologies require to selectively couple long-distance qubits while suppressing environmental noise and cross-talk. In semiconductor materials, the coherent coupling of a single spin on a quantum dot to a cavity hosting fermionic modes offers a new solution to this technological challenge. Here, we demonstrate coherent coupling between two spatially separated quantum dots using an electronic cavity design that takes advantage of whispering-gallery modes in a two-dimensional electron gas. The cavity-mediated long-distance coupling effectively min…
Relaxing the assumption of "infinite and homogenous background" the dielectric response function of one-dimensional (1D) semiconducting nanowires embedded in a dielectric environment is calculated. It is shown that high-k (higher than semiconductor dielectric constant) dielectric environment reduces the screening by the free carriers inside the nanostructure whereas, low dielectric environment increases the Coulombic interaction between free carriers and enhances the strength of screening function. In long wavelength limit, dielectric screening and collective excitation of electron gas are fou…
Structured-light-mediated hybrid entanglement between photon polarization and electronic orbital angular momentum
该研究提出最小量子光学方案，利用自旋 - 轨道结构双光子态激发半导体量子盘的两个通道，经有效相干映射和光子发射产生光子偏振与电子轨道角动量的混合纠缠，主方程分析表明预示态接近目标纠缠态，为相关研究提供途径。
Scalable entanglement of nuclear spins mediated by electron exchange
通过电子交换相互作用，在硅设备中实现两个磷原子核之间的高保真度核自旋纠缠，为扩展半导体自旋量子位至核自旋量子计算机提供新途径。
Entangling gates for electron spins in semiconductor quantum dots are generally based on exchange, a short-ranged interaction that requires wavefunction overlap. Coherent spin-photon coupling raises the prospect of using photons as long-distance interconnects for spin qubits. Realizing a key milestone for spin-based quantum information processing, we demonstrate microwave-mediated spin-spin interactions between two electrons that are physically separated by more than 4 mm. Coherent spin-photon coupling is demonstrated for each individual spin using microwave transmission spectroscopy. An enhan…
Phonon-mediated dark to bright plasmon conversion
本研究针对Drude-Lorentz模型在二维电子气量子受限等离激元与光学声子强相互作用场景下失效的问题，提出新量子模型，揭示亮声子-极化激元与暗等离激元间振子强度转移机制，为纳米结构光学响应设计提供新量子自由度。
We consider two qubits interacting by means of an optical cavity, where each qubit is represented by a single electron spin confined to a quantum dot. It is known that electron spins in III-V semiconductor quantum dots are affected by the decoherence due to the hyperfine interaction with nuclear spins. Here we show that the interaction between two qubits is influenced by the Overhauser field as well. Starting from an unpolarizied nuclear ensemble, we investigate the dependance of the fidelities for two-qubit gates on the Overhauser field. We include the hyperfine interaction perturbatively to …
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