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arXiv 2009.14175eess.SYcs.SY
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基于贝叶斯优化技术的MPC控制器整定

MPC Controller Tuning using Bayesian Optimization Techniques

Qiugang Lu, Ranjeet Kumar, Victor M. Zavala

摘要:

我们提出了一个贝叶斯优化(BO)框架调整模型预测控制器(MPC)的中央供暖,通风和空调(HVAC)工厂。这种方法将MPC的闭环性能与其整定参数之间的函数关系视为黑箱。该方法的动机是观察到通过试错法评估MPC的闭环性能是耗时的(例如,每个闭环仿真可以涉及解决数千个优化问题)。所提出的BO框架旨在通过策略性地探索和利用调优参数的空间来快速识别最优调优参数。BO框架的有效性证明了使用MPC控制器的中央HVAC工厂使用现实的数据。在这里,BO框架调整了热存储罐的回退条款,以最大限度地减少长达一年的闭环成本。仿真结果表明,BO可以找到最佳的退避条款进行13年之久的模拟,这显着减少了计算负担的一个天真的网格搜索。我们还发现,与BO获得的回退条款降低了闭环成本。

英文摘要:

We present a Bayesian optimization (BO) framework for tuning model predictive controllers (MPC) of central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) plants. This approach treats the functional relationship between the closed-loop performance of MPC and its tuning parameters as a black-box. The approach is motivated by the observation that evaluating the closed-loop performance of MPC by trial-and-error is time-consuming (e.g., every closed-loop simulation can involve solving thousands of optimization problems). The proposed BO framework seeks to quickly identify the optimal tuning parameters by strategically exploring and exploiting the space of the tuning parameters. The effectiveness of the BO framework is demonstrated by using an MPC controller for a central HVAC plant using realistic data. Here, the BO framework tunes back-off terms for thermal storage tanks to minimize year-long closed-loop costs. Simulation results show that BO can find the optimal back-off terms by conducting 13 year-long simulations, which significantly reduces the computational burden of a naive grid search. We also find that the back-off terms obtained with BO reduce the closed-loop costs.

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