arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2009.13630cond-mat.mtrl-sciphysics.comp-ph
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六方金刚石Si和Ge纳米线形成的热力学驱动力

Thermodynamic driving force in the formation of hexagonal-diamond Si and Ge nanowires

E. Scalise, A. Sarikov, L. Barbisan, A. Marzegalli, D. B. Migas, F. Montalenti, L. Miglio

摘要:

Si和Ge(以及SiGe合金)的亚稳六方金刚石相显示出相对于六方金刚石的优越的光学性质。后者是最稳定和最受欢迎的一种:在极端条件下不工作的情况下生长六边形金刚石Si或Ge被证明是不平凡的。然而,最近,已经证明了生长六边形金刚石IV族纳米线的可能性,吸引了对此类系统的关注。基于第一性原理的计算结果表明,硅和锗纳米线中暴露的典型小面的表面能在六方金刚石相中比在立方相中低。通过利用一个协同的方法也基于最近的国家的最先进的原子间的潜力和一个简单的几何模型,我们调查的相对稳定性的纳米线在两个阶段的半径高达几十纳米,突出表面相关的驱动力,并讨论其相关性在最近的实验。我们还探讨了具有六边形核的Si和Ge核-壳纳米线的稳定性(对于Si纳米线由GaP制成,对于Ge纳米线由GaAs制成)。在这种情况下,与连接两相的界面相关联的能量成本也有利于六方壳相对于立方壳的稳定性。有趣的是,我们的计算表明,六方壳的临界半径远低于最近的实验中报道的一个,表明存在一个大的动力学障碍,允许扩大的线在亚稳相。

英文摘要:

The metastable hexagonal-diamond phase of Si and Ge (and of SiGe alloys) displays superior optical properties with respect to the cubic-diamond one. The latter is the most stable and popular one: growing hexagonal-diamond Si or Ge without working at extreme conditions proved not to be trivial. Recently, however, the possibility of growing hexagonal-diamond group-IV nanowires has been demonstrated, attracting attention on such systems. Based on first-principle calculations we show that the surface energy of the typical facets exposed in Si and Ge nanowires is lower in the hexagonal-diamond phase than in cubic ones. By exploiting a synergic approach based also on a recent state-of-the-art interatomic potential and on a simple geometrical model, we investigate the relative stability of nanowires in the two phases up to few tens of nm in radius, highlighting the surface-related driving force and discussing its relevance in recent experiments. We also explore the stability of Si and Ge core-shell nanowires with hexagonal cores (made of GaP for Si nanowires, of GaAs for Ge nanowires). In this case, the stability of the hexagonal shell over the cubic one is also favored by the energy cost associated with the interface linking the two phases. Interestingly, our calculations indicate a critical radius of the hexagonal shell much lower than the one reported in recent experiments, indicating the presence of a large kinetic barrier allowing for the enlargement of the wire in a metastable phase.

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