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arXiv 2009.13079eess.SYcs.SY
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几何无迹卡尔曼滤波器

The Geometric Unscented Kalman Filter

Chengling Fang, Jiang Liu, Songqing Ye, Ju Zhang

摘要:

近几十年来,针对非线性状态估计问题提出了许多滤波器。基于线性化的扩展卡尔曼滤波器(EKF)广泛应用于非线性工业系统。由于扩展卡尔曼滤波在精度和可靠性方面受到限制,序贯蒙特卡罗方法或粒子滤波(PF)可以以大量随机样本为代价获得更高的精度。无迹卡尔曼滤波器(UKF)利用确定性样本可以更有效地获得足够的精度,但其权重可能为负,这可能导致不稳定的问题。对于高斯滤波器,体积卡尔曼滤波器(CKF)和高斯埃尔米特滤波器(GHF)分别采用体积和高斯埃尔米特规则来逼近随机变量的统计信息,在实际问题中表现出令人瞩目的性能。受此启发,本文提出了一种新的非线性估计方案,命名为几何无迹卡尔曼滤波器(GUF)。GUF选择CKF的过滤框架来更新数据,并开发了一种几何无迹采样(GUS)策略来逼近随机变量。与UKF和CKF相似,GUS的主要特点是根据概率和几何位置选择均匀分布的样本,并具有PF一样的正权值。通过这种方式,GUF可以保持GHF足够的精度,具有合理的效率和良好的稳定性。GUF不像PF那样受样本容量指数增长的影响,也不像高阶CKF和UKF那样受非正权值的影响而不能收敛。

英文摘要:

Many filters have been proposed in recent decades for the nonlinear state estimation problem. The linearization-based extended Kalman filter (EKF) is widely applied to nonlinear industrial systems. As EKF is limited in accuracy and reliability, sequential Monte-Carlo methods or particle filters (PF) can obtain superior accuracy at the cost of a huge number of random samples. The unscented Kalman filter (UKF) can achieve adequate accuracy more efficiently by using deterministic samples, but its weights may be negative, which might cause instability problem. For Gaussian filters, the cubature Kalman filter (CKF) and Gauss Hermit filter (GHF) employ cubature and respectively Gauss-Hermite rules to approximate statistic information of random variables and exhibit impressive performances in practical problems. Inspired by this work, this paper presents a new nonlinear estimation scheme named after geometric unscented Kalman filter (GUF). The GUF chooses the filtering framework of CKF for updating data and develops a geometric unscented sampling (GUS) strategy for approximating random variables. The main feature of GUS is selecting uniformly distributed samples according to the probability and geometric location similar to UKF and CKF, and having positive weights like PF. Through such way, GUF can maintain adequate accuracy as GHF with reasonable efficiency and good stability. The GUF does not suffer from the exponential increase of sample size as for PF or failure to converge resulted from non-positive weights as for high order CKF and UKF.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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