全球导航卫星系统星座初步性能分析与设计的系统级工程方法
A System-Level Engineering Approach for Preliminary Performance Analysis and Design of Global Navigation Satellite System Constellations
摘要：
本文提出了一个系统级的工程方法的初步覆盖性能分析和设计的一个通用的全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）星座。该分析考虑了星座的覆盖要求和对瞬时或灾难性故障的鲁棒性。欧洲的全球导航卫星系统，伽利略，被用来作为参考案例，以证明所提出的工具的有效性。这套软件称为全球导航卫星系统覆盖分析工具，需要星座中每颗卫星的状态向量作为输入，并提供全球导航卫星系统星座在覆盖方面的性能。该工具提供了一个轨道传播器、一个姿态传播器、一个从每颗卫星确定地球表面可见区域的算法，以及一个计算从地球表面给定位置可以看到多少颗卫星的计数器功能。由于其计算负担低，该工具可用于计算每个轨道平面的最佳卫星数量，方法是在假设共面卫星之间的面内角间距均匀的情况下，验证是否满足覆盖范围和精度要求。
英文摘要：
This paper presents a system-level engineering approach for the preliminary coverage performance analysis and the design of a generic Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) constellation. This analysis accounts for both the coverage requirements and the robustness to transient or catastrophic failures of the constellation. The European GNSS, Galileo, is used as reference case to prove the effectiveness of the proposed tool. This software suite, named GNSS Coverage Analysis Tool (G-CAT), requires as input the state vector of each satellite of the constellation and provides the performance of the GNSS constellation in terms of coverage. The tool offers an orbit propagator, an attitude propagator, an algorithm to identify the visibility region on the Earth's surface from each satellite, and a counter function to compute how many satellites are in view from given locations on the Earth's surface. Thanks to its low computational burden, the tool can be adopted to compute the optimal number of satellites per each orbital plane by verifying if the coverage and accuracy requirements are fulfilled under the assumption of uniform in-plane angular spacing between coplanar satellites.
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