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arXiv 2009.09004astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
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利用潮汐流探测暗物质晕的形状旋转

Detecting the Figure Rotation of Dark Matter Halos with Tidal Streams

Monica Valluri, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Sarah J. Snyder

摘要:

在宇宙学模拟中,围绕着银河系的暗物质晕是三轴的。大约30年前,人们预测,这种三轴暗物质晕应该会在几千兆年的时间内表现出稳定的图形旋转或翻滚运动。宇宙学模拟预测的图形旋转角频率可用图形速度的对数正态分布来描述,其中值为0.15hkm/s/kpc(~ 0.15hrad/Gyr ~ 9 hdeg/Gyr),宽度为0.83km/s/kpc。这些模式速度是如此之小,以至于它们通常被认为是不重要和不可检测的。在这项工作中,我们表明,即使是这种极其缓慢的数字旋转可以显着改变银河系晕中的卫星潮汐破坏产生的扩展恒星流的结构。模拟了不同形状的三轴暗物质晕绕三个主轴旋转时,类人马座极区潮汐流的行为。对于宇宙学晕的典型模式速度,我们第一次证明,人马座般的潮汐流将被改变到即使用目前的观测也能检测到的程度。这一发现将有可能允许未来测量银河系暗晕的图形旋转,并可能使这一相对未探索的LambdaCDM预测的第一个证据成为可能。

英文摘要:

The dark matter halos that surround Milky Way-like galaxies in cosmological simulations are, to first order, triaxial. Nearly 30 years ago it was predicted that such triaxial dark matter halos should exhibit steady figure rotation or tumbling motions for durations of several gigayears. The angular frequency of figure rotation predicted by cosmological simulations is described by a log-normal distribution of pattern speed with a median value 0.15hkm/s/kpc (~ 0.15h rad/Gyr ~ 9h deg/Gyr) and a width of 0.83km/s/kpc. These pattern speeds are so small that they have generally been considered both unimportant and undetectable. In this work we show that even this extremely slow figure rotation can significantly alter the structure of extended stellar streams produced by the tidal disruption of satellites in the Milky Way halo. We simulate the behavior of a Sagittarius-like polar tidal stream in triaxial dark matter halos with different shapes, when the halos are rotated about the three principal axes. For pattern speeds typical of cosmological halos we demonstrate, for the first time, that a Sagittarius-like tidal stream would be altered to a degree that is detectable even with current observations. This discovery will potentially allow for a future measurement of figure rotation of the Milky Way's dark halo, and perhaps enabling the first evidence of this relatively unexplored prediction of LambdaCDM.

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