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arXiv 2209.01583astro-ph.GA
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潮汐环星系NGC 922周围的一个巨大的伞状恒星流

A giant umbrella-like stellar stream around the tidal ring galaxy NGC 922

David Martinez-Delgado, Santi Roca-Fabrega, Juan Miro-Carretero, Maria Angeles Gomez-Flechoso, Javier Roman, Giuseppe Donatiello, Judy Schmidt, Dustin Lang, Mohammad Akhlaghi

摘要:

潮汐环星系由于其固有的短暂性质,在局部宇宙中很少被观察到。潮汐环结构是富含气体的恒星盘和较小的星系系统之间强相互作用的结果,持续时间不超过5亿年,因此,这些是寻找最近吸积的矮星系系统碎片的完美场景。我们从DESI遗产调查数据和我们的业余望远镜观测中获得了NGC 922潮汐环星系及其周围环境的新深度图像。这些观测结果进行了比较,从高分辨率的N体模拟,旨在重现一个替代的形成方案,这个奇特的星系。我们的新观测揭示了NGC 922周围的低表面亮度恒星潮汐结构比以前报道的要复杂得多。特别是,先前在中央星系盘东北部探测到的潮汐尖峰状结构与矮伴星系PGC 3080368没有联系,后者被认为是触发NGC 922环形成的入侵者。深层图像显示,这个潮汐结构主要由一个较暗的巨大伞状形状组成,因此它是由另一颗卫星的潮汐破裂形成的。我们使用宽波段g、r和z DESI LS图像测量了这一恒星流的光度特性,估计r波段的总绝对星等为Mr= -17.0 +/- 0.03 magn,恒星流的总质量在6.9-8.5X10^8 Mo之间。我们进行了一组N体模拟再现观察到的NGC 922入侵者的相互作用,提出了一个新的方案,其潮汐环的形成,从一个富含气体的卫星约150万年前的下落。

英文摘要:

Tidal ring galaxies are observed rarely in the local universe due to their intrinsically transient nature. The tidal ring structures are the result of strong interactions between gas-rich stellar disks and smaller galactic systems and do not last longer than ~500~Myr therefore, these are perfect scenarios where to find the debris of recently accreted dwarf galactic systems. We present new deep images of the NGC 922 tidal ring galaxy and its surroundings from the DESI Legacy survey data and from our observations with an amateur telescope. These observations are compared with results from high-resolution N-body simulations designed to reproduce an alternative formation scenario for this peculiar galaxy. Our new observations unveil that the low surface brightness stellar tidal structures around NGC 922 are much more complex than reported in previous works. In particular, the formerly detected tidal spike-like structure at the northeast of the central galaxy disk is not connected with the dwarf companion galaxy PGC3080368, which has been suggested as the intruder triggering the ring formation of NGC 922. The deep images reveal that this tidal structure is mainly composed by a fainter giant umbrella-like shape and thus it was formed from the tidal disruption of a different satellite. Using the broad-band g, r and z DESI LS images, we measured the photometric properties of this stellar stream, estimating a total absolute magnitude in r-band of Mr= -17.0 +/- 0.03 magn and a total stellar mass for the stream between 6.9-8.5X10^8 Mo. We perform a set of N-body simulations to reproduce the observed NGC 922-intruder interaction, suggesting a new scenario for the formation of its tidal ring from the in-fall of a gas rich satellite around 150 Myr ago.

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