量子弱不变量：涨落和关联的动力学演化
Quantum weak invariants: Dynamical evolution of fluctuations and correlations
摘要：
弱不变量是具有保守期望值的依赖于时间的可观测量。然而，它们的波动在时间上并不保持恒定。假设一个开放量子系统的态的时间演化是以一个完全正的映射给出的，即使该映射不是单位的，涨落也会单调增长，这与冯诺伊曼熵和雷尼熵的单调增长都要求该映射是单位的事实相反。这样，弱不变量以不同于熵的方式描述时间不对称性。当系统密度矩阵服从Gorini-Kossakowski-Lindblad-Sudarshan方程时，给出了与弱不变量相关的协方差矩阵随时间演化的公式.
英文摘要：
Weak invariants are time-dependent observables with conserved expectation values. Their fluctuations, however, do not remain constant in time. On the assumption that time evolution of the state of an open quantum system is given in terms of a completely positive map, the fluctuations monotonically grow even if the map is not unital, in contrast to the fact that monotonic increases of both the von Neumann entropy and Rényi entropy require the map to be unital. In this way, the weak invariants describe temporal asymmetry in a manner different from the entropies. A formula is presented for time evolution of the covariance matrix associated with the weak invariants in the case when the system density matrix obeys the Gorini-Kossakowski-Lindblad-Sudarshan equation.
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