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arXiv 2009.07787cond-mat.stat-mechphysics.bio-ph
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非高斯噪声下耦合粒子群的灭绝和稀有事件动力学

Extinctions of coupled populations, and rare-event dynamics under non-Gaussian noise

Tal Agranov, Guy Bunin

摘要:

自然种群的生存可能会受到空间和时间变化的环境条件的极大影响。我们看一个人口居住在两个地点(补丁)加上迁移,其中当地条件随时间波动。我们报告两个调查结果。首先,我们发现,不像罕见的事件在许多其他系统中,在这里的历史导致罕见的灭绝事件是不是由一个单一的path. We开发适当的框架,这原来是一个混合的标准鞍点方法,和Donsker-Varadhan形式主义,对待罕见的事件的非典型平均在很长一段时间。它提供了导致罕见事件的历史统计数据的详细描述。该框架适用于由非高斯噪声驱动的广泛系统中的罕见事件。其次,将该框架应用到种群动力学模型中,发现了种群灭绝行为中的一个新的相变。令人惊讶的是,一个作为水槽的斑块(个体死亡多于出生)仍然可以降低灭绝的可能性,即使它通常会降低种群的规模和增长率。

英文摘要:

The survival of natural populations may be greatly affected by environmental conditions that vary in space and time. We look at a population residing in two locations (patches) coupled by migration, in which the local conditions fluctuate in time. We report on two findings. First, we find that unlike rare events in many other systems, here the histories leading to a rare extinction event are not dominated by a single path. We develop the appropriate framework, which turns out to be a hybrid of the standard saddle-point method, and the Donsker-Varadhan formalism which treats rare events of atypical averages over a long time. It provides a detailed description of the statistics of histories leading to the rare event. The framework applies to rare events in a broad class of systems driven by non-Gaussian noise. Secondly, applying this framework to the population-dynamics model, we find a novel phase transition in its extinction behavior. Strikingly, a patch which is a sink (where individuals die more than are born), can nonetheless reduce the probability of extinction, even if it normally lowers the population's size and growth rate.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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