微管自组织的拥挤效应和表面效应
Crowder and Surface Effects on Self-organization of Microtubules
摘要：
微管是细胞系统的基本物理构件。它们使用特定的交联剂、发动机和成核和生长的影响者来组织。加入反平行交联剂后，微管形态由扇形结构转变为均匀的类核凝聚体。Tactoids让人想起生物有丝分裂纺锤体，细胞分裂机器。为了实现这些组织，我们使用聚合物拥挤剂。在这里，我们研究如何改变拥挤的属性，如大小，浓度和分子量，影响微管组织。使用模拟与实验，我们观察到的比例律相关的扇形图案在没有交联剂。在交联剂的存在下形成的类晶显示可变的长度，这取决于拥挤。这些细微的差异与个体的细丝轮廓长度变化相关，可能是由于对微管的成核和生长的影响。使用定量图像分析，我们推断，tactoids不同于传统的液晶组织，因为它们是有限的宽度，无论拥挤和表面，并表现为固体状冷凝物。
英文摘要：
Microtubules are an essential physical building block of cellular systems. They are organized using specific crosslinkers, motors, and influencers of nucleation and growth. With the addition of anti-parallel crosslinkers, microtubule pattern goes through transition from fan-like structures to homogeneous tactoid condensates in vitro. Tactoids are reminiscent of biological mitotic spindles, the cell division machinery. To accomplish these organizations, we use polymer crowding agents. Here we study how altering the properties of the crowders, such as size, concentration, and molecular weight, affect microtubule organization. Using simulations with experiments, we observe a scaling law associated with the fan-like patterns in the absence of crosslinkers. Tactoids formed in the presence of crosslinkers show variable length, depending on the crowders. The subtle differences correlate to individual filament contour length changes, likely due to effects on nucleation and growth of the microtubules. Using quantitative image analysis, we deduce that the tactoids differ from traditional liquid crystal organization, as they are limited in width irrespective of crowders and surfaces, and behave as solid-like condensates.
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