爱因斯坦-德西特模型的历史与哲学反思
Historical and philosophical reflections on the Einstein-de Sitter model
摘要：
我们提出了一些历史和哲学思考的文件“之间的关系膨胀和宇宙的平均密度”，由阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和威廉德西特在1932年出版。在这部著名的著作中，爱因斯坦和德西特考虑了一个膨胀宇宙的相对论模型，其中宇宙学常数和空间曲率均为零。虽然爱因斯坦-德西特模型继续作为“大爆炸”宇宙学的标准模型多年，我们注意到，作者没有明确考虑宇宙的演化在论文中。事实上，数学的文章是相当令人费解的现代眼睛。我们认为这篇论文既不是原创性的，也不重要;我们发现，通过对没有宇宙学常数或空间曲率的动态宇宙学的情况进行第一次具体分析，作者提供了一个独特的，简单的模型，宇宙膨胀和物质平均密度之间有直接的关系，为理论家和观察者设定了一个重要的基准。我们认为一些哲学方面的模型，并提供了一个简短的回顾其使用的原型“大爆炸”模型在20世纪的大部分。
英文摘要：
We present some historical and philosophical reflections on the paper "On the Relation Between the Expansion and the Mean Density of the Universe", published by Albert Einstein and Willem de Sitter in 1932. In this famous work, Einstein and de Sitter considered a relativistic model of the expanding universe with both the cosmological constant and the curvature of space set to zero. Although the Einstein-deSitter model went on to serve as a standard model in 'big bang' cosmology for many years, we note that the authors do not explicitly consider the evolution of the cosmos in the paper. Indeed, the mathematics of the article are quite puzzling to modern eyes. We consider claims that the paper was neither original nor important; we find that, by providing the first specific analysis of the case of a dynamic cosmology without a cosmological constant or spatial curvature, the authors delivered a unique, simple model with a straightforward relation between cosmic expansion and the mean density of matter that set an important benchmark for both theorists and observers. We consider some philosophical aspects of the model and provide a brief review of its use as a prototype 'big bang' model over much of the 20th century.
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