Snowmass 2021兴趣函：多信使天体物理学探测器（POEMMA）
Snowmass 2021 Letter of Interest: The Probe Of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA)
摘要：
极端多信使天体物理学探测器（POEMMA）旨在确定超高能宇宙射线（UHECR）的来源，并观察宇宙中微子，两者都具有全天覆盖。POEMMA是作为NASA天体物理学探测级任务开发的，由两个航天器组成，在525公里高度、28.5度倾角的轨道上以松散的编队飞行。每个航天器都有一个施密特望远镜，具有很大的收集面积和广阔的视野。一种新的焦平面进行了优化，以观察紫外荧光信号从广泛的空气簇射（EAS）和光束光学切伦科夫信号从EAS。在POEMMA立体荧光模式下，POEMMA将测量20 EeV以上的UHECR的光谱，成分和全天分布，具有高统计数据以及对UHE中微子的显着灵敏度。该航天器被设计为快速重新定向到POEMMA-肢体模式，以观察从地球肢体下方观察的机会目标（ToO）瞬态天体物理源的中微子发射。在这种模式下，POEMMA将对20 PeV以上的宇宙中微子τ事件具有独特的灵敏度，通过测量地球内部中微子τ相互作用后出现的τ轻子衰变引起的向上移动的EAS。
英文摘要：
The Probe Of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA) is designed to identify the sources of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) and to observe cosmic neutrinos, both with full-sky coverage. Developed as a NASA Astrophysics Probe-class mission, POEMMA consists of two spacecraft flying in a loose formation at 525 km altitude, 28.5 deg inclination orbits. Each spacecraft hosts a Schmidt telescope with a large collecting area and wide field of view. A novel focal plane is optimized to observe both the UV fluorescence signal from extensive air showers (EASs) and the beamed optical Cherenkov signals from EASs. In POEMMA-stereo fluorescence mode, POEMMA will measure the spectrum, composition, and full-sky distribution of the UHECRs above 20 EeV with high statistics along with remarkable sensitivity to UHE neutrinos. The spacecraft are designed to quickly re-orient to a POEMMA-limb mode to observe neutrino emission from Target-of-Opportunity (ToO) transient astrophysical sources viewed just below the Earth's limb. In this mode, POEMMA will have unique sensitivity to cosmic neutrino tau events above 20 PeV by measuring the upward-moving EASs induced by the decay of the emerging tau leptons following the interactions of neutrino tau inside the Earth.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
