CYRA：大熊星座古德太阳望远镜的低温红外光谱仪
CYRA: the cryogenic infrared spectrograph for the Goode Solar Telescope in Big Bear
摘要：
CYRA（Cryogenic solar spectrogRAph）是大熊太阳天文台（BBSO）1.6米古德太阳望远镜（GST）的设备仪器。CYRA侧重于研究1至5微米之间的近红外太阳光谱，这是一个未开发的区域，不仅是光球磁诊断的肥沃土壤，而且还允许进入光球顶部的色球层的独特窗口。CYRA是有史以来第一个完全低温摄谱仪在任何太阳天文台与它的两个前辈，在麦克马思皮尔斯和米斯望远镜，是基于温暖的光学除了探测器和排序过滤器。CYRA用于探测太阳各种特征和平静光球中的磁场。CYRA测量将允许对太阳磁场进行新的和更好的三维外推，并将为太阳活动模型提供更准确的边界条件。150，000和更高的光谱分辨率可以增强对一氧化碳（CO）光谱带色球层的观测，并将更好地了解太阳大气中的能量传输。CYRA分为两个光学子系统：前光学模块和光谱仪。光谱仪是仪器的核心，包含红外探测器，光栅，狭缝，过滤器和成像光学系统，所有这些都在低温冷却的杜瓦瓶（低温恒温器）中。探测器是由Teledyne Scientific & Imaging，LLC生产的2048 × 2048像素HAWAII 2阵列。低温恒温器和读出电子设备的内部由基于氦制冷剂的低温冷却器保持在90开尔文，而IR阵列被冷却到30开尔文。前光学模块可使太阳图像反旋转和稳定，提供扫描功能，并将GST图像传输到光谱仪。CYRA已经安装完毕，目前正处于调试阶段。
英文摘要：
CYRA (CrYogenic solar spectrogRAph) is a facility instrument of the 1.6-meter Goode Solar Telescope (GST) at the Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO). CYRA focuses on the study of the near-infrared solar spectrum between 1 and 5 microns, a under explored region which is not only a fertile ground for photospheric magnetic diagnostics, but also allows a unique window into the chromosphere lying atop the photosphere. CYRA is the first ever fully cryogenic spectrograph in any solar observatory with its two predecessors, on the McMath-Pierce and Mees Telescopes, being based on warm optics except for the detectors and order sorting filters. CYRA is used to probe magnetic fields in various solar features and the quiet photosphere. CYRA measurements will allow new and better 3D extrapolations of the solar magnetic field and will provide more accurate boundary conditions for solar activity models. Superior spectral resolution of 150,000 and better allows enhanced observations of the chromosphere in the carbon monoxide (CO) spectral bands and will yield a better understanding of energy transport in the solar atmosphere. CYRA is divided into two optical sub-systems: The Fore-Optics Module and the Spectrograph. The Spectrograph is the heart of the instrument and contains the IR detector, grating, slits, filters, and imaging optics all in a cryogenically cooled Dewar (cryostat). The detector a 2048 by 2048 pixel HAWAII 2 array produced by Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, LLC. The interior of the cryostat and the readout electronics are maintained at 90 Kelvin by helium refrigerant based cryo-coolers, while the IR array is cooled to 30 Kelvin. The Fore-Optics Module de-rotates and stabilizes the solar image, provides scanning capabilities, and transfers the GST image to the Spectrograph. CYRA has been installed and is undergoing its commissioning phase.
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