We investigate active learning in the context of deep neural network models for change detection and map updating. Active learning is a natural choice for a number of remote sensing tasks, including the detection of local surface changes: changes are on the one hand rare and on the other hand their appearance is varied and diffuse, making it hard to collect a representative training set in advance. In the active learning setting, one starts from a minimal set of training examples and progressively chooses informative samples that are annotated by a user and added to the training set. Hence, a core component of an active learning system is a mechanism to estimate model uncertainty, which is then used to pick uncertain, informative samples. We study different mechanisms to capture and quantify this uncertainty when working with deep networks, based on the variance or entropy across explicit or implicit model ensembles. We show that active learning successfully finds highly informative samples and automatically balances the training distribution, and reaches the same performance as a model supervised with a large, pre-annotated training set, with $\approx$99% fewer annotated samples.
Generic Knowledge Boosted Pre-training For Remote Sensing Images
State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, Beihang University（北京航空航天大学虚拟现实技术与系统国家重点实验室）；Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University（北京航空航天大学杭州创新研究院）；School of Software and Microelectronics, Peking University（北京大学软件与微电子学院）
With the development of remote sensing technology, the acquisition of remote sensing images is easier and easier, which provides sufficient data resources for the task of detecting remote sensing objects. However, how to detect objects quickly and accurately from many complex optical remote sensing images is a challenging hot issue. In this paper, we propose an efficient anchor free object detector, CenterFPANet. To pursue speed, we use a lightweight backbone and introduce the asymmetric revolution block. To improve the accuracy, we designed the FPA module, which links the feature maps of diff…
Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院电子学研究所）
Cloud-based overlays are often present in optical remote sensing images, thus limiting the application of acquired data. Removing clouds is an indispensable pre-processing step in remote sensing image analysis. Deep learning has achieved great success in the field of remote sensing in recent years, including scene classification and change detection. However, deep learning is rarely applied in remote sensing image removal clouds. The reason is the lack of data sets for training neural networks. In order to solve this problem, this paper first proposed the Remote sensing Image Cloud rEmoving da…
The proliferation of remote sensing satellites has resulted in a massive amount of remote sensing images. However, due to human and material resource constraints, the vast majority of remote sensing images remain unlabeled. As a result, it cannot be applied to currently available deep learning methods. To fully utilize the remaining unlabeled images, we propose a Geographical Knowledge-driven Representation learning method for remote sensing images (GeoKR), improving network performance and reduce the demand for annotated data. The global land cover products and geographical location associate…
Remote sensing semantic segmentation aims to assign automatically each pixel on aerial images with specific label. In this letter, we proposed a new module, called improved-flow warp module (IFWM), to adjust semantic feature maps across different scales for remote sensing semantic segmentation. The improved-flow warp module is applied along with the feature extraction process in the convolutional neural network. First, IFWM computes the offsets of pixels by a learnable way, which can alleviate the misalignment of the multi-scale features. Second, the offsets help with the low-resolution deep f…
Thanks to recent advances in CNNs, solid improvements have been made in semantic segmentation of high resolution remote sensing imagery. However, most of the previous works have not fully taken into account the specific difficulties that exist in remote sensing tasks. One of such difficulties is that objects are small and crowded in remote sensing imagery. To tackle with this challenging task we have proposed a novel architecture called local feature extraction (LFE) module attached on top of dilated front-end module. The LFE module is based on our findings that aggressively increasing dilatio…
In recent years, supervised learning has been widely used in various tasks of optical remote sensing image understanding, including remote sensing image classification, pixel-wise segmentation, change detection, and object detection. The methods based on supervised learning need a large amount of high-quality training data and their performance highly depends on the quality of the labels. However, in practical remote sensing applications, it is often expensive and time-consuming to obtain large-scale data sets with high-quality labels, which leads to a lack of sufficient supervised information…
RS-YOLOX: A High Precision Detector for Object Detection in Satellite Remote Sensing Images
School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University（云南大学信息科学与工程学院）；Yunnan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Systems and Computing（云南省智能系统与计算重点实验室）
Recent research on remote sensing object detection has largely focused on improving the representation of oriented bounding boxes but has overlooked the unique prior knowledge presented in remote sensing scenarios. Such prior knowledge can be useful because tiny remote sensing objects may be mistakenly detected without referencing a sufficiently long-range context, and the long-range context required by different types of objects can vary. In this paper, we take these priors into account and propose the Large Selective Kernel Network (LSKNet). LSKNet can dynamically adjust its large spatial re…
Accurate and robust detection of multi-class objects in optical remote sensing images is essential to many real-world applications such as urban planning, traffic control, searching and rescuing, etc. However, state-of-the-art object detection techniques designed for images captured using ground-level sensors usually experience a sharp performance drop when directly applied to remote sensing images, largely due to the object appearance differences in remote sensing images in term of sparse texture, low contrast, arbitrary orientations, large scale variations, etc. This paper presents a novel o…
RemoteDet-Mamba: A Hybrid Mamba-CNN Network for Multi-modal Object Detection in Remote Sensing Images
School of Computer Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China（计算机科学学院，北京邮电大学）；School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China（电子工程学院，北京邮电大学）
Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院电子学研究所）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）
Deep learning based object detection has achieved great success. However, these supervised learning methods are data-hungry and time-consuming. This restriction makes them unsuitable for limited data and urgent tasks, especially in the applications of remote sensing. Inspired by the ability of humans to quickly learn new visual concepts from very few examples, we propose a training-free, one-shot geospatial object detection framework for remote sensing images. It consists of (1) a feature extractor with remote sensing domain knowledge, (2) a multi-level feature fusion method, (3) a novel simil…
High-resolution images for remote sensing applications are often not affordable or accessible, especially when in need of a wide temporal span of recordings. Given the easy access to low-resolution (LR) images from satellites, many remote sensing works rely on this type of data. The problem is that LR images are not appropriate for semantic segmentation, due to the need for high-quality data for accurate pixel prediction for this task. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end framework that unites a super-resolution and a semantic segmentation module in order to produce accurate thematic maps f…
Breaking the Box: Enhancing Remote Sensing Image Segmentation with Freehand Sketches
Huzhou University（湖州大学）；Singapore University of Technology and Design（新加坡科技设计大学）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Zhejiang University（浙江大学）；KOKONI 3D, Moxin (Huzhou) Tech. Co., LTD.（墨芯（湖州）科技有限公司（KOKONI 3D））
Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, CAS（中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院）；Beijing Futong Dongfang Technology Co, Ltd（北京富通东方科技有限公司）；Beijing University of Chemical Technology（北京化工大学）
Robust semantic segmentation of VHR remote sensing images from UAV sensors is critical for earth observation, land use, land cover or mapping applications. Several factors such as shadows, weather disruption and camera shakes making this problem highly challenging, especially only using RGB images. In this paper, we propose the use of multi-modality data including NIR, RGB and DSM to increase robustness of segmentation in blurred or partially damaged VHR remote sensing images. By proposing a cascaded dense encoder-decoder network and the SELayer based fusion and assembling techniques, the prop…
In this paper, we deal with the problem of object detection on remote sensing images. Previous methods have developed numerous deep CNN-based methods for object detection on remote sensing images and the report remarkable achievements in detection performance and efficiency. However, current CNN-based methods mostly require a large number of annotated samples to train deep neural networks and tend to have limited generalization abilities for unseen object categories. In this paper, we introduce a few-shot learning-based method for object detection on remote sensing images where only a few anno…
Vision Mamba in Remote Sensing: A Comprehensive Survey of Techniques, Applications and Outlook
School of Advanced Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University（西安交通大学利物浦大学先进技术学院）；School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University（北航电子信息工程学院）；Department of Paediatrics, Cambridge University（剑桥大学儿科部）；School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, University of Leicester（莱斯特大学计算与数学科学学院）；Department of Computing Science, Robert Gordon University（罗伯特·戈登大学计算机科学系）；National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院自动化研究所模式识别国家实验室）；Nanyang Technological University, Singapore（新加坡南洋理工大学）；Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool（利物浦大学计算机科学系）
VFM-ISRefiner: Towards Better Adapting Vision Foundation Models for Interactive Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院航天信息研究所）；School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院）；School of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University（北京林业大学信息科学与技术学院）
Convolutional neural networks are currently the state-of-the-art algorithms for many remote sensing applications such as semantic segmentation or object detection. However, these algorithms are extremely sensitive to over-fitting, domain change and adversarial examples specifically designed to fool them. While adversarial attacks are not a threat in most remote sensing applications, one could wonder if strengthening networks to adversarial attacks could also increase their resilience to over-fitting and their ability to deal with the inherent variety of worldwide data. In this work, we study b…
the University of Tokyo（东京大学）；RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project（理化学研究所先进智能项目中心）；Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University（京都大学防灾研究所）；RIKEN Center for Computational Science（理化学研究所计算科学中心）；Hiroshima University（广岛大学）
We propose a framework that estimates inundation depth (maximum water level) and debris-flow-induced topographic deformation from remote sensing imagery by integrating deep learning and numerical simulation. A water and debris flow simulator generates training data for various artificial disaster scenarios. We show that regression models based on Attention U-Net and LinkNet architectures trained on such synthetic data can predict the maximum water level and topographic deformation from a remote sensing-derived change detection map and a digital elevation model. The proposed framework has an in…
Remote sensing change detection, identifying changes between scenes of the same location, is an active area of research with a broad range of applications. Recent advances in multimodal self-supervised pretraining have resulted in state-of-the-art methods which surpass vision models trained solely on optical imagery. In the remote sensing field, there is a wealth of overlapping 2D and 3D modalities which can be exploited to supervise representation learning in vision models. In this paper we propose Contrastive Surface-Image Pretraining (CSIP) for joint learning using optical RGB and above gro…
Recent advances in computer vision using deep learning with RGB imagery (e.g., object recognition and detection) have been made possible thanks to the development of large annotated RGB image datasets. In contrast, multispectral image (MSI) and hyperspectral image (HSI) datasets contain far fewer labeled images, in part due to the wide variety of sensors used. These annotations are especially limited for semantic segmentation, or pixel-wise classification, of remote sensing imagery because it is labor intensive to generate image annotations. Low-shot learning algorithms can make effective infe…
Diverse Instance Generation via Diffusion Models for Enhanced Few-Shot Object Detection in Remote Sensing Images
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院空天信息创新研究院）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；Tsinghua University（清华大学）
Graph Information Bottleneck for Remote Sensing Segmentation
School of computer and Information Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology（计算机与信息工程学院，中央南大学林业科技学院）；Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence（穆罕默德·本·扎耶德人工智能大学）
Skolkovo institute of Science and technology（斯科尔科沃科学技术研究所）
Recent developments in the remote sensing systems and image processing made it possible to propose a new method of the object classification and detection of the specific changes in the series of satellite Earth images (so called targeted change detection). In this paper we propose a formal problem statement that allows to use effectively the deep learning approach to analyze time-dependent series of remote sensing images. We also introduce a new framework for the development of deep learning models for targeted change detection and demonstrate some cases of business applications it can be use…
Consistency Change Detection Framework for Unsupervised Remote Sensing Change Detection
School of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science（人工智能与数据科学学院）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Department of Information Engineering（信息工程系）；The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学）
In order to save the memory, we propose a miniaturization method for neural network to reduce the parameter quantity existed in remote sensing (RS) image semantic segmentation model. The compact convolution optimization method is first used for standard U-Net to reduce the weights quantity. With the purpose of decreasing model performance loss caused by miniaturization and based on the characteristics of remote sensing image, fewer down-samplings and improved cascade atrous convolution are then used to improve the performance of the miniaturized U-Net. Compared with U-Net, our proposed Micro-N…
Beijing Forestry University（北京林业大学）；Tsinghua University（清华大学）；Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR)（中国脑科学研究中心（CIBR））
Extracting cultivated land accurately from high-resolution remote images is a basic task for precision agriculture. This report introduces our solution to the iFLYTEK challenge 2021 cultivated land extraction from high-resolution remote sensing image. The challenge requires segmenting cultivated land objects in very high-resolution multispectral remote sensing images. We established a highly effective and efficient pipeline to solve this problem. We first divided the original images into small tiles and separately performed instance segmentation on each tile. We explored several instance segme…
Carlson Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology（卡尔森成像科学中心，罗切斯特理工学院）
Deep learning continues to push state-of-the-art performance for the semantic segmentation of color (i.e., RGB) imagery; however, the lack of annotated data for many remote sensing sensors (i.e. hyperspectral imagery (HSI)) prevents researchers from taking advantage of this recent success. Since generating sensor specific datasets is time intensive and cost prohibitive, remote sensing researchers have embraced deep unsupervised feature extraction. Although these methods have pushed state-of-the-art performance on current HSI benchmarks, many of these tools are not readily accessible to many re…
Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院西安光机精密机械研究所）；The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）
Inspired by recent development of artificial satellite, remote sensing images have attracted extensive attention. Recently, noticeable progress has been made in scene classification and target detection.However, it is still not clear how to describe the remote sensing image content with accurate and concise sentences. In this paper, we investigate to describe the remote sensing images with accurate and flexible sentences. First, some annotated instructions are presented to better describe the remote sensing images considering the special characteristics of remote sensing images. Second, in ord…
The past few decades have witnessed the great progress of unmanned aircraft vehicles (UAVs) in civilian fields, especially in photogrammetry and remote sensing. In contrast with the platforms of manned aircraft and satellite, the UAV platform holds many promising characteristics: flexibility, efficiency, high-spatial/temporal resolution, low cost, easy operation, etc., which make it an effective complement to other remote-sensing platforms and a cost-effective means for remote sensing. Considering the popularity and expansion of UAV-based remote sensing in recent years, this paper provides a s…
Several remote sensing software packages are used to the explicit purpose of analyzing and visualizing remotely sensed data, with the developing of remote sensing sensor technologies from last ten years. Accord-ing to literature, the remote sensing is still the lack of software tools for effective information extraction from remote sensing data. So, this paper provides a state-of-art of multi-sensor image fusion technologies as well as review on the quality evaluation of the single image or fused images in the commercial remote sensing pack-ages. It also introduces program (ALwassaiProcess) de…
Given the importance of remote sensing, surprisingly little attention has been paid to it by the representation learning community. To address it and to establish baselines and a common evaluation protocol in this domain, we provide simplified access to 5 diverse remote sensing datasets in a standardized form. Specifically, we investigate in-domain representation learning to develop generic remote sensing representations and explore which characteristics are important for a dataset to be a good source for remote sensing representation learning. The established baselines achieve state-of-the-ar…
Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen（西北工业大学深圳研究院）；School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University（西北工业大学自动化学院）；School of Computer Science, Wuhan University（武汉大学计算机学院）
Remote sensing image scene classification, which aims at labeling remote sensing images with a set of semantic categories based on their contents, has broad applications in a range of fields. Propelled by the powerful feature learning capabilities of deep neural networks, remote sensing image scene classification driven by deep learning has drawn remarkable attention and achieved significant breakthroughs. However, to the best of our knowledge, a comprehensive review of recent achievements regarding deep learning for scene classification of remote sensing images is still lacking. Considering t…
MBZ University of Artificial Intelligence（穆罕默德·本·扎耶德人工智能大学）；Wuhan University（武汉大学）
Deep learning-based algorithms have seen a massive popularity in different areas of remote sensing image analysis over the past decade. Recently, transformers-based architectures, originally introduced in natural language processing, have pervaded computer vision field where the self-attention mechanism has been utilized as a replacement to the popular convolution operator for capturing long-range dependencies. Inspired by recent advances in computer vision, remote sensing community has also witnessed an increased exploration of vision transformers for a diverse set of tasks. Although a number…
Remote sensing images and techniques are powerful tools to investigate earth surface. Data quality is the key to enhance remote sensing applications and obtaining a clear and noise-free set of data is very difficult in most situations due to the varying acquisition (e.g., atmosphere and season), sensor, and platform (e.g., satellite angles and sensor characteristics) conditions. With the increasing development of satellites, nowadays Terabytes of remote sensing images can be acquired every day. Therefore, information and data fusion can be particularly important in the remote sensing community…
Element AI；Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya（加泰罗尼亚理工大学）
Remote sensing and automatic earth monitoring are key to solve global-scale challenges such as disaster prevention, land use monitoring, or tackling climate change. Although there exist vast amounts of remote sensing data, most of it remains unlabeled and thus inaccessible for supervised learning algorithms. Transfer learning approaches can reduce the data requirements of deep learning algorithms. However, most of these methods are pre-trained on ImageNet and their generalization to remote sensing imagery is not guaranteed due to the domain gap. In this work, we propose Seasonal Contrast (SeCo…
