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arXiv 2008.10764cond-mat.stat-mechcs.ITmath.IT
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协议约束下信息的功、熵产生和热力学

Work, entropy production, and thermodynamics of information under protocol constraints

Artemy Kolchinsky, David H. Wolpert

摘要:

在许多现实世界的情况下,有限制的方式,其中一个物理系统可以被操纵。我们调查的熵产生(EP)和可提取的工作,使系统从一些初始分布$p$到一些最终分布$p'$,给定的主方程组可用于驱动协议服从一些约束。我们首先推导出EP和可提取功的一般界限,以及将非平衡自由能分解为“可获得的自由能”(给定一组约束条件,可提取为功)和“不可获得的自由能”(必须作为EP耗散)。在类似的静脉,我们认为在约束的存在下的信息的热力学,并将测量中获得的信息分解为“可访问”和“不可访问”的组件。这种分解允许我们考虑同一系统的不同测量的热力学效率,给定一组约束。我们使用我们的框架来分析协议的对称性,模块化和粗粒度的约束,并考虑各种例子,包括Szilard盒,二维伊辛模型,和多粒子闪烁棘轮。

英文摘要:

In many real-world situations, there are constraints on the ways in which a physical system can be manipulated. We investigate the entropy production (EP) and extractable work involved in bringing a system from some initial distribution $p$ to some final distribution $p'$, given that the set of master equations available to the driving protocol obeys some constraints. We first derive general bounds on EP and extractable work, as well as a decomposition of the nonequilibrium free energy into an "accessible free energy" (which can be extracted as work, given a set of constraints) and an "inaccessible free energy" (which must be dissipated as EP). In a similar vein, we consider the thermodynamics of information in the presence of constraints, and decompose the information acquired in a measurement into "accessible" and "inaccessible" components. This decomposition allows us to consider the thermodynamic efficiency of different measurements of the same system, given a set of constraints. We use our framework to analyze protocols subject to symmetry, modularity, and coarse-grained constraints, and consider various examples including the Szilard box, the 2D Ising model, and a multi-particle flashing ratchet.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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