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arXiv 2008.09917astro-ph.SRastro-ph.GA
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天鹅座OB2中已知O星群的光谱特征。多重恒星形成爆发的证据

Spectroscopic characterization of the known O-star population in Cygnus OB2. Evidence of multiple star-forming bursts

S. R. Berlanas, A. Herrero, F. Comerón, S. Simón-Díaz, D. J. Lennon, A. Pasquali, J. Maíz Apellániz, A. Sota, A. Pellerín

摘要:

天鹅座OB 2为我们银河系中最大的年轻大质量恒星群之一的高质量恒星内容提供了独特的见解。虽然在过去的几十年里已经进行了几项关于其庞大人口的研究,但仍然缺乏对该协会中整个已知O星人口的广泛光谱研究。在这项工作中,我们使用现有的和新的光谱学创建了迄今为止在天鹅座OB 2中进行的最完整的O星光谱普查。本文给出了78颗O型星的光谱,从中我们识别出新的双星系统,得到了自转速度的分布,并确定了该地区所有尚未被探测到的双线分光双星的主要恒星参数。我们还获得了半径,光度和质量为这些恒星与可靠的盖亚天体测量,除了创建赫兹斯普朗-罗素图解释协会的演化状态。这项工作表明,当使用精确的光谱参数和天体测量来解释一个种群的进化状态时,所达到的改进,揭示了天鹅座OB 2在$\sim$ 3和$\sim$ 5百万年时至少有两次恒星形成爆发。我们发现了一个明显的赤字非常快的转子的旋转速度分布。通过对样品的动力学分布的观察,我们确定了9颗具有特殊自行的O型星,并讨论了该地区可能的动力学喷射情景或过去的超新星爆炸。

英文摘要:

Cygnus OB2 provides a unique insight into the high-mass stellar content in one of the largest groups of young massive stars in our Galaxy. Although several studies of its massive population have been carried out over the last decades, an extensive spectroscopic study of the whole known O-star population in the association is still lacking. In this work, we created the most complete spectroscopic census of O stars carried out so far in Cygnus OB2 using already existing and new spectroscopy. We present the spectra for 78 O-type stars, from which we identify new binary systems, obtain the distribution of rotational velocities, and determine the main stellar parameters for all the stars in the region that have not been detected as double-line spectroscopic binaries. We also derive radii, luminosities, and masses for those stars with reliable Gaia astrometry, in addition to creating the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram to interpret the evolutionary status of the association. This work has shown the improvement reached when using accurate spectroscopic parameters and astrometry for the interpretation of the evolutionary status of a population, revealing, in the case of Cygnus OB2, at least two star-forming bursts at $\sim$3 and $\sim$5 Myr. We find an apparent deficit of very fast rotators in the distribution of rotational velocities. The inspection of the dynamical distribution of the sample has allowed us to identify nine O stars with peculiar proper motions and discuss a possible dynamical ejection scenario or past supernova explosions in the region.

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