Automated machine learning (AutoML) is the sub-field of machine learning that aims at automating, to some extend, all stages of the design of a machine learning system. In the context of supervised learning, AutoML is concerned with feature extraction, pre processing, model design and post processing. Major contributions and achievements in AutoML have been taking place during the recent decade. We are therefore in perfect timing to look back and realize what we have learned. This chapter aims to summarize the main findings in the early years of AutoML. More specifically, in this chapter an introduction to AutoML for supervised learning is provided and an historical review of progress in this field is presented. Likewise, the main paradigms of AutoML are described and research opportunities are outlined.
In this paper we present the first work on the automated scoring of mindreading ability in middle childhood and early adolescence. We create MIND-CA, a new corpus of 11,311 question-answer pairs in English from 1,066 children aged 7 to 14. We perform machine learning experiments and carry out extensive quantitative and qualitative evaluation. We obtain promising results, demonstrating the applicability of state-of-the-art NLP solutions to a new domain and task.
Early prediction of patients at risk of clinical deterioration can help physicians intervene and alter their clinical course towards better outcomes. In addition to the accuracy requirement, early warning systems must make the predictions early enough to give physicians enough time to intervene. Interpretability is also one of the challenges when building such systems since being able to justify the reasoning behind model decisions is desirable in clinical practice. In this work, we built an interpretable model for the early prediction of various adverse clinical events indicative of clinical …
Learning Guided Automated Reasoning: A Brief Survey
Czech Technical University in Prague（捷克技术大学布拉格）；Radboud University Nijmegen（拉德堡德大学奈杰姆）；Czech Academy of Sciences Institute for Computer Science（捷克科学院计算机科学研究所）；University of Innsbruck（因斯布鲁克大学）
King Khalid University（哈立德国王大学）；Taif University（塔伊夫大学）
Discovering oral cavity cancer (OCC) at an early stage is an effective way to increase patient survival rate. However, current initial screening process is done manually and is expensive for the average individual, especially in developing countries worldwide. This problem is further compounded due to the lack of specialists in such areas. Automating the initial screening process using artificial intelligence (AI) to detect pre-cancerous lesions can prove to be an effective and inexpensive technique that would allow patients to be triaged accordingly to receive appropriate clinical management.…
Warwick Manufacturing Group, University of Warwick（华威大学华威制造集团）；University of Surrey（萨里大学）
Lane change (LC) is one of the safety-critical manoeuvres in highway driving according to various road accident records. Thus, reliably predicting such manoeuvre in advance is critical for the safe and comfortable operation of automated driving systems. The majority of previous studies rely on detecting a manoeuvre that has been already started, rather than predicting the manoeuvre in advance. Furthermore, most of the previous works do not estimate the key timings of the manoeuvre (e.g., crossing time), which can actually yield more useful information for the decision making in the ego vehicle…
Big Data Institute, University of Oxford（牛津大学大数据研究所）；Computer Aided Medical Procedures, Technische Universität München（慕尼黑工业大学计算机辅助医疗程序研究所）；Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München（慕尼黑工业大学伊萨尔河畔右岸医院内科二科）；Abteilung Innere Medizin Gastroenterologie, Krankenhaus Agatharied Hausham（豪斯哈姆阿加塔里德医院内科胃肠病学科）；Computer Aided Medical Procedures, Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学计算机辅助医疗程序研究所）；Computer Vision Laboratory, ETH Zurich（苏黎世联邦理工学院计算机视觉实验室）
Survival rates for colorectal cancer are higher when polyps are detected at an early stage and can be removed before they develop into malignant tumors. Automated polyp detection, which is dominated by deep learning based methods, seeks to improve early detection of polyps. However, current efforts rely heavily on the size and quality of the training datasets. The quality of these datasets often suffers from various image artifacts that affect the visibility and hence, the detection rate. In this work, we conducted a systematic analysis to gain a better understanding of how artifacts affect au…
FH Campus Wien, University of Applied Sciences（维也纳应用科学大学校园FH）
Dysgraphia, a handwriting learning disability, has a serious negative impact on children's academic results, daily life and overall wellbeing. Early detection of dysgraphia allows for an early start of a targeted intervention. Several studies have investigated dysgraphia detection by machine learning algorithms using a digital tablet. However, these studies deployed classical machine learning algorithms with manual feature extraction and selection as well as binary classification: either dysgraphia or no dysgraphia. In this work, we investigated fine grading of handwriting capabilities by pred…
Department of Physics, University of California at Davis（加州大学戴维斯分校物理系）
The principle goal of computational mechanics is to define pattern and structure so that the organization of complex systems can be detected and quantified. Computational mechanics developed from efforts in the 1970s and early 1980s to identify strange attractors as the mechanism driving weak fluid turbulence via the method of reconstructing attractor geometry from measurement time series and in the mid-1980s to estimate equations of motion directly from complex time series. In providing a mathematical and operational definition of structure it addressed weaknesses of these early approaches to…
Recent progress in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) has shown promising signs of improving GAN training via architectural change. Despite some early success, at present the design of GAN architectures requires human expertise, laborious trial-and-error testings, and often draws inspiration from its image classification counterpart. In the current paper, we present the first neural architecture search algorithm, automated neural architecture search for deep generative models, or AGAN for abbreviation, that is specifically suited for GAN training. For unsupervised image generation tasks on…
Imperial College（帝国理工学院）；Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL（萨拉曼卡大学医院-IBSAL）；Universidad de Salamanca（萨拉曼卡大学）；CIBERCV（西班牙心血管疾病生物医学研究联盟）；Instituto de Salud Carlos III（卡洛斯三世健康研究所）
Deep learning has the potential to automate echocardiogram analysis for early detection of heart disease. Based on a qualitative analysis of design concerns, this study suggests that predicting normal heart function instead of disease accounts for data quality bias and significantly increases efficiency in cardiologists' workflows.
In this work, we report the practical and theoretical aspects of Explainable AI (XAI) identified in some fundamental literature. Although there is a vast body of work on representing the XAI backgrounds, most of the corpuses pinpoint a discrete direction of thoughts. Providing insights into literature in practice and theory concurrently is still a gap in this field. This is important as such connection facilitates a learning process for the early stage XAI researchers and give a bright stand for the experienced XAI scholars. Respectively, we first focus on the categories of black-box explanati…
Ensemble Deep Learning and LLM-Assisted Reporting for Automated Skin Lesion Diagnosis
Institute of Computer Science The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan（计算机科学研究所 伊斯兰农业大学 薩瓦爾，巴基斯坦）；Department of Computer Science Islamia College Peshawar Pakistan（计算机科学系 伊斯兰学院 薩瓦爾，巴基斯坦）；Department of Software Engineering Islamia College Peshawar Pakistan（软件工程系 伊斯兰学院 薩瓦爾，巴基斯坦）
