表征超低噪声远红外60-110 $μ$ m过渡边缘传感器的光学响应
Characterising the optical response of ultra-low-noise far-infrared 60-110 $μ$m transition edge sensors
摘要：
正在为冷却孔径空间望远镜SPICA上的SAFARI光栅光谱仪开发远红外过渡边缘传感器。为了支持这项工作，我们设计了一个低温（90 mK）的测试设施进行精密的光学测量超低噪声TES。虽然我们的设备适用于整个SAFARI波长范围，34-230 $μ$ m，但我们专注于使用具有0.32 $\mathrm{aW/\sqrt{Hz}}$的噪声等效功率（NEP）的设备在60-110 $μ$ m处进行的一组代表性测量。该系统能够执行一系列测量：（i）暗电特性。(ii)光学效率与部分相干光束具有相同的模式组成的理想成像望远镜。(iii)光饱和度和动态范围。(iv)对调制热源的快速光学瞬态响应。(v)高水平背景负载下的光学瞬态响应。我们描述了黑暗的测量，以确定TES的操作特性，然后比较预测的光学行为与测量的光学行为。通过比较电学和光学瞬态响应，我们能够观察到器件中的热化。我们评论消除杂散光的挑战。
英文摘要：
Far-infrared Transition Edge Sensors (TESs) are being developed for the SAFARI grating spectrometer on the cooled-aperture space telescope SPICA. In support of this work, we have devised a cryogenic (90 mK) test facility for carrying out precision optical measurements on ultra-low-noise TESs. Although our facility is suitable for the whole of the SAFARI wavelength range, 34-230 $μ$m, we focus on a representative set of measurements at 60-110 $μ$m using a device having a Noise Equivalent Power (NEP) of 0.32 $\mathrm{aW/\sqrt{Hz}}$. The system is able to perform a range of measurements: (i) Dark electrical characterisation. (ii) Optical efficiency with respect to a partially coherent beam having a modal composition identical to that of an ideal imaging telescope. (iii) Optical saturation and dynamic range. (iv) Fast optical transient response to a modulated thermal source. (v) Optical transient response in the presence of high-level background loading. We describe dark measurements to determine the operating characteristics of a TES, and then compare predicted optical behaviour with measured optical behaviour. By comparing electrical and optical transient response, we were able to observe thermalisation in the device. We comment on the challenge of eliminating stray light.
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