One approach to Schubert calculus is to realize Schubert classes as concrete combinatorial objects such as Schubert polynomials. Through an identification of the cohomology ring of the type A full flag variety with the polytope ring of the Gelfand-Tsetlin polytopes, Kiritchenko-Smirnov-Timorin realized each Schubert class as a sum of reduced (dual) Kogan faces. In this paper, we explicitly describe string parametrizations of opposite Demazure crystals, which give a natural generalization of reduced dual Kogan faces. We also relate reduced Kogan faces with Demazure crystals using the theory of mitosis operators, and apply these observations to develop the theory of Schubert calculus on symplectic Gelfand-Tsetlin polytopes.
Stanley symmetric functions are the stable limits of Schubert polynomials. In this paper, we show that, conversely, Schubert polynomials are Demazure truncations of Stanley symmetric functions. This parallels the relationship between Schur functions and Demazure characters for the general linear group. We establish this connection by imposing a Demazure crystal structure on key tableaux, recently introduced by the first author in connection with Demazure characters and Schubert polynomials, and linking this to the type A crystal structure on reduced word factorizations, recently introduced by …
We study certain faces of the normal polytope introduced by Feigin, Littelmann and the author whose lattice points parametrize a monomial basis of the PBW-degenerated of simple modules for $\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1}$. We show that lattice points in these faces parametrize monomial bases of PBW-degenerated Demazure modules associated to Weyl group elements satisfying a certain closure property, for example Kempf elements. These faces are again normal polytopes and their Minkowski sum is compatible with tensor products, which implies that we obtain flat degenerations of the corresponding Schubert vari…
We compute the spaces of sections of powers of the determinant line bundle on the spherical Schubert subvarieties of the Beilinson- Drinfeld affine Grassmannians. The answer is given in terms of global Demazure modules over the current Lie algebra.
We study a family of posets and the associated chain and order polytopes. We identify the order polytope as a maximal Kogan face in a Gelfand-Tsetlin polytope of a multiple of a fundamental weight. We show that the character of such a Kogan face equals to the character of a Demazure module which occurs in the irreducible representation of $\mathfrak{sl}_n$ having highest weight multiple of fundamental weight and for any such Demazure module there exists a corresponding poset and associated maximal Kogan face. We prove that the chain polytope parametrizes a monomial basis of the associated PBW-…
The main object in this paper is a certain rational convex polytope whose lattice points give a polyhedral realization of a highest weight crystal basis. This is also identical to a Newton-Okounkov body of a flag variety, and it gives a toric degeneration. In this paper, we prove that a specific class of this polytope is given by Kiritchenko's Demazure operators on polytopes. This implies that polytopes in this class are all lattice polytopes. As an application, we give a sufficient condition for the corresponding toric variety to be Gorenstein Fano.
A Demazure crystal is the basis at $q=0$ of a Demazure module. Demazure crystals play an important role in Schubert calculus because the character of a Demazure crystal in type A is identical to a key polynomial, which is closely related to Schubert polynomials. In this paper, we study tensor products of Demazure crystals. Each connected component of a tensor product of Demazure crystals need not be isomorphic to some Demazure crystal. We provide a necessary and sufficient condition for every connected component of a tensor product to be isomorphic to some Demazure crystal. Also, we obtain the…
We provide a proof that every Schubert variety of a semi-infinite flag variety is projectively normal. This gives us an interpretation of a Demazure module of a global Weyl module of a current Lie algebra as the (dual) space of the space of global sections of a semi-infinite Schubert variety. Moreover, we give geometric realizations of Feigin-Makedonskyi's generalized Weyl modules, and the $t = \infty$ specialization of non-symmetric Macdonald polynomials.
Kohnert polynomials are polynomials indexed by unit cell diagrams in the first quadrant defined earlier by the author and Searles that give a common generalization of Schubert polynomials and Demazure characters for the general linear group. Demazure crystals are certain truncations of normal crystals whose characters are Demazure characters. For each diagram satisfying a southwest condition, we construct a Demazure crystal whose character is the Kohnert polynomial for the given diagram, resolving an earlier conjecture of the author and Searles that these polynomials expand nonnegatively into …
This paper defines and studies permutation representations on the equivariant cohomology of Schubert varieties, as representations both over C and over C[t_1, t_2,...,t_n]. We show these group actions are the same as an action of simple transpositions studied geometrically by M. Brion, and give topological meaning to the divided difference operators studied by Berstein-Gelfand-Gelfand, Demazure, Kostant-Kumar, and others. We analyze these representations using the combinatorial approach to equivariant cohomology introduced by Goresky-Kottwitz-MacPherson. We find that each permutation represent…
A Newton-Okounkov convex body is a convex body constructed from a projective variety with a valuation on its homogeneous coordinate ring; this generalizes a Newton polytope for a toric variety. This convex body has various kinds of information about the original projective variety; for instance, Kaveh showed that the string polytopes from representation theory are examples of Newton-Okounkov bodies for Schubert varieties. In this paper, we extend the notion of string polytopes for Demazure modules to generalized Demazure modules, and prove that the resulting generalized string polytopes are id…
Let $G=PSO(2n+1, \mathbb{C}) (n \ge 3)$ and $B$ be the Borel subgroup of $G$ containing maximal torus $T$ of $G.$ Let $w$ be an element of Weyl group $W$ and $X(w)$ be the Schubert variety in the flag variety $G/B$ corresponding to $w.$ Let $Z(w, \underline{i})$ be the Bott-Samelson-Demazure-Hansen variety (the desingularization of $X(w)$) corresponding to a reduced expression $\underline{i}$ of $w.$ In this article, we study the cohomology modules of the tangent bundle on $Z(w_{0}, \underline{i}),$ where $w_{0}$ is the longest element of the Weyl group $W.$ We describe all the reduced express…
We define convex-geometric counterparts of divided difference (or Demazure) operators from the Schubert calculus and representation theory. These operators are used to construct inductively polytopes that capture Demazure characters of representations of reductive groups. In particular, Gelfand-Zetlin polytopes and twisted cubes of Grossberg-Karshon are obtained in a uniform way.
Let $G$ be a simple algebraic group of adjoint type over $\mathbb{C},$ whose root system is of type $F_{4}.$ Let $T$ be a maximal torus of $G$ and $B$ be a Borel subgroup of $G$ containing $T.$ Let $w$ be an element of Weyl group $W$ and $X(w)$ be the Schubert variety in the flag variety $G/B$ corresponding to $w.$ Let $Z(w, \underline{i})$ be the Bott-Samelson-Demazure-Hansen variety (the desingularization of $X(w)$) corresponding to a reduced expression $\underline{i}$ of $w.$ In this article, we study the cohomology modules of the tangent bundle on $Z(w_{0}, \underline{i}),$ where $w_{0}$ i…
An important combinatorial result in equivariant cohomology and $K$-theory Schubert calculus is represented by the formulas of Billey and Graham-Willems for the localization of Schubert classes at torus fixed points. These formulas work uniformly in all Lie types, and are based on the concept of a root polynomial. In this paper we define formal root polynomials associated with an arbitrary formal group law (and thus a generalized cohomology theory). We focus on the case of the hyperbolic formal group law (corresponding to elliptic cohomology). We study some of the properties of formal root pol…
The theory of Newton-Okounkov polytopes is a generalization of that of Newton polytopes for toric varieties, and it gives a systematic method of constructing toric degenerations of a projective variety. In the case of Schubert varieties, their Newton-Okounkov polytopes are deeply connected with representation theory. Indeed, Littelmann's string polytopes and Nakashima-Zelevinsky's polyhedral realizations are obtained as Newton-Okounkov polytopes of Schubert varieties. In this paper, we apply the folding procedure to a Newton-Okounkov polytope of a Schubert variety, which relates Newton-Okounko…
A Newton-Okounkov body is a convex body constructed from a polarized variety with a valuation on its function field. Kaveh (resp., the first author and Naito) proved that the Newton-Okounkov body of a Schubert variety associated with a specific valuation is identical to the Littelmann string polytope (resp., the Nakashima-Zelevinsky polyhedral realization) of a Demazure crystal. These specific valuations are defined algebraically to be the highest term valuations with respect to certain local coordinate systems on a Bott-Samelson variety. Another class of valuations, which is geometrically nat…
The quantum alcove model associated to a dominant weight plays an important role in many branches of mathematics, such as combinatorial representation theory, the theory of Macdonald polynomials, and Schubert calculus. For a dominant weight, it is proved by Lenart-Lubovsky that the quantum alcove model does not depend on the choice of a reduced alcove path, which is a shortest path of alcoves from the fundamental one to its translation by the given dominant weight. This is established through quantum Yang-Baxter moves, which biject the objects of the model associated with two such alcove paths…
The set of possible spectra (λ,μ,ν) of zero-sum triples of Hermitian matrices forms a polyhedral cone. We give a complete determination of its facets, finishing a long story with recent highlights by [Helmke-Rosenthal, Klyachko, Belkale]. We introduce_puzzles_, which are new combinatorial gadgets to compute Grassmannian Schubert calculus, and will probably be the main point of interest for many readers. As the proofs indicate, the Hermitian sum problem is very naturally studied using puzzles directly, and their connection to Schubert calculus is quite incidental to our approach. In particular,…
