二维周期性起伏表面上活性粒子集合的动力学
Dynamics of a collection of active particles on a two-dimensional periodic undulated surface
摘要：
研究了二维周期性起伏表面上圆形活性粒子的动力学行为。每个粒子都有一个内能机制，该机制由主动摩擦力建模，并由活动参数$v_0$控制。如果粒子的速度小于$v_0$，则其作为负摩擦，否则作为正摩擦。表面起伏由固定振幅和波长的周期性起伏来模拟，并且根据振幅和波长的无量纲比率$\bar{h}$来测量。粒子的动力学研究不同的活动，$v_0$和表面起伏（SU），$\bar{h}$。三种类型的粒子动力学观察到不同的活动和SU。对于小的$v_0 \lesssim 0.1$和$\bar{h}$ $\gtrsim 0.8$，粒子保持被限制在表面极小值中，对于中等的$v_0 \lesssim \bar{h}$，粒子的动力学表现为从中间次扩散到后期扩散，对于大的$v_0 \gtrsim \bar{h}$，它表现为从初始超扩散到后期扩散。对于所有的$v_0$和$\bar{h} \lesssim 0.2$，粒子动力学满足有效扩散系数和速度自关联函数之间的Green-Kubo关系。在增加$\bar{h}$时发现系统偏差。因此，一个有效的平衡，可以建立在这个非平衡系统的系统参数的范围。
英文摘要：
We study the dynamics of circular active particles (AP) on a two dimensional periodic undulated surface. Each particle has an internal energy mechanism which is modeled by an active friction force and it is controlled by an activity parameter $v_0$. It acts as negative friction if the speed of the particle is smaller than $v_0$ and normal friction otherwise. Surface undulation is modeled by the periodic undulation of fixed amplitude and wavelength and is measured in terms of a dimensionless ratio of amplitude and wavelength, $\bar{h}$. The dynamics of the particle is studied for different activities, $v_0$ and surface undulations (SU), $\bar{h}$. Three types of particle dynamics are observed on varying activity and SU. For small $v_0 \lesssim 0.1$ and $\bar{h}$ $\gtrsim 0.8$, particles remain confined in a surface minimum, for moderate $v_0 \lesssim \bar{h}$, dynamics of particle shows an intermediate subdiffusion to late time diffusion and for large $v_0 \gtrsim \bar{h}$, it shows initial superdiffusion to late time diffusion. For all $v_0$'s and $\bar{h} \lesssim 0.2$, the dynamics of particle, satisfies the Green-Kubo relation between the effective diffusivity and velocity auto-correlation function. Systematic deviation is found on increasing $\bar{h}$. Hence, an effective equilibrium can be established for a range of system parameters in this nonequilibirum system.
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