用疲劳损伤指数探讨延长飞机服役时间的可能性
On the Potential of Extending Aircraft Service Time Using a Fatigue Damage Index
摘要：
飞机结构在其整个寿命期间经历各种载荷，通常导致疲劳并最终导致结构失效。为了避免在运行期间发生结构故障，最大飞行循环次数和飞行小时数由确保持续适航性的法律规定。然而，由于每次飞行对飞机的影响不同，并非所有机身在退役时都受到同样的压力。本文提出了一种新的退休标准的基础上，所谓的疲劳损伤指数（FDI）。该标准考虑到飞机的操作方式不同，因此能够在不损害其安全的情况下单独退役飞机。根据两年内覆盖95%的空客A320机队的飞机样本数据，估计增强的退役标准将显著延长飞机的平均使用寿命。影响在机队内各不相同，取决于经验的座位载荷系数、巡航高度和运行期间为单个飞机考虑的滑行时间。虽然座位负荷因素和飞行高度显著影响定义的FDI，滑行时间的影响是很小的。基于对飞机使用寿命增长的估计，本文认为，对于飞机使用寿命的延长，FDI应被视为飞机退役监管框架的有效限度。
英文摘要：
Aircraft structures experience various kinds of loads over their entire lifetime, typically leading to fatigue and ultimately structural failure. In order to avoid structural failure during operation, the maximum number of flight cycles and flight hours is regulated by laws ensuring continued airworthiness. However, since every flight impacts the aircraft differently, not all airframes are equally stressed at the time of decommissioning. This paper proposes a new retirement criterion based on the so-called fatigue damage index (FDI). The criterion takes into account that aircraft are differently operated and thus enables an individual decommissioning of aircraft without compromising its safety. Based on aircraft sample data covering 95% of the Airbus A320 fleet over two years, the enhanced decommissioning criterion is estimated to significantly extend the average aircraft service life. The impact varies within the fleet, depending on the experienced seat load factors, cruise altitudes, and taxi times considered for the individual aircraft during operation. While seat load factors and flight altitudes significantly affect the defined FDI, the influence of taxi times is only minor. Based on the estimated increase in aircraft service life, the paper argues that for service life extensions, the FDI shall be considered as the limit of validity in the regulatory framework governing the decommissioning of aircraft.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
