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arXiv 2008.02826quant-ph
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开放量子系统和非马尔可夫动力学的干涉方法

Interferometric Approach to Open Quantum Systems and Non-Markovian Dynamics

O. Siltanen, T. Kuusela, J. Piilo

摘要:

我们将开放量子系统的动力学与干涉测量和干涉相结合,引入了开放系统干涉仪的概念。通过考虑马赫-曾德尔干涉仪中的单个光子,其中光子的偏振(开放系统)和频率(环境)相互作用,我们从理论上证明了干涉仪内部的路径方向偏振退相动力学是马尔可夫的,而联合动力学显示非马尔可夫特征。在干涉仪之外,由于干涉,开放系统显示出丰富的动力学特征,具有不同的选择:只有一条路径显示非马尔可夫记忆效应,两条路径单独显示它们,或者根本没有记忆效应。我们的研究结果还表明,测量光子的路径可以创建或破坏非马尔可夫记忆效应取决于测量是否发生在干涉仪内或外。此外,该方案允许通过研究干涉仪外部的非马尔可夫性来探测干涉仪内部的光程差。在我们的框架和干扰下,即使系统-环境相互作用本身只包含退相,也有可能为开放系统动力学引入耗散特征。总的来说,这些结果为控制开放系统动力学和量子物理学的基础研究开辟了迄今尚未探索的途径。

英文摘要:

We combine the dynamics of open quantum systems with interferometry and interference introducing the concept of open system interferometer. By considering a single photon in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, where the polarization (open system) and frequency (environment) of the photon interact, we theoretically show how inside the interferometer path-wise polarization dephasing dynamics is Markovian while the joint dynamics displays non-Markovian features. Outside the interferometer and due to interference, the open system displays rich dynamical features with distinct alternatives: Only one path displaying non-Markovian memory effects, both paths individually displaying them, or no memory effects appearing at all. Our results also illustrate that measuring the photon's path can either create or destroy non-Markovian memory effects depending on whether the measurement takes place in or outside the interferometer. Moreover, the scheme allows to probe the optical path difference inside the interferometer by studying non-Markovianity outside the interferometer. With our framework and interference, it is also possible to introduce dissipative features for the open system dynamics even though the system-environment interaction itself contains only dephasing. In general, the results open so far unexplored avenues to control open system dynamics and for fundamental studies of quantum physics.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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