arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2008.02743astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRphysics.plasm-ph
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相对论湍流磁重联中的磁能释放、等离子体动力学和粒子加速

Magnetic Energy Release, Plasma Dynamics, and Particle Acceleration during Relativistic Turbulent Magnetic Reconnection

Fan Guo, Xiaocan Li, William Daughton, Hui Li, Patrick Kilian, Yi-Hsin Liu, Qile Zhang, Haocheng Zhang

摘要:

在强磁化天体物理等离子体系统中,磁重联被认为是一个主要的过程,在此过程中发生爆炸性能量释放和粒子加速,导致显著的高能辐射。相对论性磁重联的动力学模型在过去几年中得到了积极的发展,支持了磁主导的假设。一个较少探讨的问题是3D动力学的后果,其中湍流结构是随着各种类型的不稳定性的发展而自然产生的。本文对正电子-电子等离子体中的相对论湍流磁重联(RTMR)进行了一系列三维、全动力学模拟,系统域远大于动力学尺度。我们的模拟从一个无力的电流片与几种不同的模式的长波长磁场扰动,驱动额外的湍流在重联区。因此,电流层破裂,重联区迅速演变成充满通量绳和电流片等相干结构的湍流层。我们发现RTMR中的等离子体动力学在许多方面与二维等离子体动力学有很大的不同。磁通绳在产生后迅速演化,并且由于二次扭结不稳定性而完全被破坏。这种湍流演化导致了磁场线的超扩散行为,如湍流重联的MHD研究中所见。同时,非热粒子加速和能量释放时间尺度可以非常快,并不强烈地依赖于湍流振幅。主要的加速机制是由运动电场支持的类费米加速过程,而非理想电场加速起次要作用。我们讨论了高能天体物理学中3D RTMR可能的观测意义。

英文摘要:

In strongly magnetized astrophysical plasma systems, magnetic reconnection is believed to be a primary process during which explosive energy release and particle acceleration occur, leading to significant high-energy emission. Past years have witnessed active development of kinetic modeling of relativistic magnetic reconnection, supporting this magnetically dominated scenario. A much less explored issue is the consequence of 3D dynamics, where turbulent structures are naturally generated as various types of instabilities develop. This paper presents a series of 3D, fully-kinetic simulations of relativistic turbulent magnetic reconnection (RTMR) in positron-electron plasmas with system domains much larger than kinetic scales. Our simulations start from a force-free current sheet with several different modes of long wavelength magnetic field perturbations, which drive additional turbulence in the reconnection region. Because of this, the current layer breaks up and the reconnection region quickly evolves into a turbulent layer filled with coherent structures such as flux ropes and current sheets. We find that plasma dynamics in RTMR is vastly different from their 2D counterparts in many aspects. The flux ropes evolve rapidly after their generation, and can be completely disrupted due to the secondary kink instability. This turbulent evolution leads to superdiffusion behavior of magnetic field lines as seen in MHD studies of turbulent reconnection. Meanwhile, nonthermal particle acceleration and energy-release time scale can be very fast and do not strongly depend on the turbulence amplitude. The main acceleration mechanism is a Fermi-like acceleration process supported by the motional electric field, whereas the non-ideal electric field acceleration plays a subdominant role. We discuss possible observational implications of 3D RTMR in high-energy astrophysics.

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