相对论自旋算符必须是内禀的
Relativistic spin operator must be intrinsic
摘要：
虽然相对论性自旋观测量有许多建议，但关于这个量的适当定义还没有达成一致。这个问题源于这样一个事实，即在目前的文献中，关于这样一个算子应该满足的属性集没有共识。在这里，我们提出了如何克服这个问题，通过施加一个条件，每个人都应该同意的性质，相对论自旋可观察到的：它必须是内在的。内在性的概念进行了分析，在相对论的经典极限，然后它被扩展到量子制度，自旋问题被处理的上下文中的庞加莱群的不可约酉表示。这种方法排除了相对论自旋可观测的三矢量建议，并导致一个独特的令人满意的自旋定义，除了是内在的，也具有有趣的物理特征，如协方差和一致性的预测在非相对论性限制。为了从操作的角度支持所提出的结果，一个一致的电磁自旋相互作用独立的模型。
英文摘要：
Although there are many proposals of relativistic spin observables, there is no agreement about the adequate definition of this quantity. This problem arises from the fact that, in the present literature, there is no consensus concerning the set of properties that such an operator should satisfy. Here we present how to overcome this problem by imposing a condition that everyone should agree about the nature of the relativistic spin observable: it must be intrinsic. The intrinsicality concept is analyzed in the relativistic classical limit and then it is extended to the quantum regime, the spin problem being treated in the context of the irreducible unitary representations of the Poincaré group. This approach rules out three-vector proposals of relativistic spin observable and leads to a unique satisfactory spin definition that, besides being intrinsic, also possesses interesting physical features such as covariance and consistency of predictions in the non relativistic limit. To support the presented results from an operational perspective, a consistent observer-independent model for the electromagnetic-spin interaction is also presented.
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