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arXiv 2008.01117astro-ph.HE
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潮汐破裂事件的辐射发射机制

Radiative Emission Mechanisms of Tidal Disruption Events

Nathaniel Roth, Elena M. Rossi, Julian H. Krolik, Tsvi Piran, Brenna Mockler, Daniel Kasen

摘要:

我们描述了恒星潮汐破裂的各种结果如何引起可观测到的辐射。我们分别考虑的情况下,气体circularizes迅速进入吸积盘,以及当冲击碎片流提供可观察到的排放没有完全circularized的情况下。对于快速圆化的情况下,我们描述了如何流出,吸收再处理层,和康普顿可以导致观察到的辐射离开的裸光盘,可能会引起观察到的光学/紫外线发射以及软X射线从光盘。相反,如果大多数碎片在相当长的一段时间内沿高度偏心的轨道运行,则观测到的光学/紫外辐射的许多特性可以用这些偏心轨道的尺度和嵌入轨道远心附近碎片流中的激波来解释。在这张照片中,早期的软X射线发射是由于恒星近心附近的弱激波使少量碎片质量偏转到致密的吸积盘中。通过将其与发射区域大气中辐射的不完全热化联系起来,提供了紫外/光学色温的近恒定性的一般建议。我们还简要地讨论了无线电信号的相互作用的自由碎片和喷流与黑洞环境。

英文摘要:

We describe how the various outcomes of stellar tidal disruption give rise to observable radiation. We separately consider the cases where gas circularizes rapidly into an accretion disc, as well as the case when shocked debris streams provide the observable emission without having fully circularized. For the rapid circularization case, we describe how outflows, absorption by reprocessing layers, and Comptonization can cause the observed radiation to depart from that of a bare disc, possibly giving rise to the observed optical/UV emission along with soft X-rays from the disc. If, instead, most of the debris follows highly eccentric orbits for a significant time, many properties of the observed optical/UV emission can be explained by the scale of those eccentric orbits and the shocks embedded in the debris flow near orbital apocenter. In this picture, soft X-ray emission at early times results from the smaller amount of debris mass deflected into a compact accretion disc by weak shocks near the stellar pericenter. A general proposal for the near-constancy of the ultraviolet/optical color temperatures is provided, by linking it to incomplete thermalization of radiation in the atmosphere of the emitting region. We also briefly discuss the radio signals from the interaction of unbound debris and jets with the black hole environment.

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