弯曲几何条件下电解质溶液浓度富集的电渗不稳定性
Electro-osmotic Instability of Concentration Enrichment in Curved Geometries for an Aqueous Electrolyte
摘要：
我们报告说，电渗浓度富集在弯曲的几何形状的水电解质的不稳定性，而不是众所周知的，是专门在富集界面（阳极），而不是在耗尽的（阴极）。对于这种不稳定性，不切实际的高材料Peclet数在平面几何形状的限制是消除了由线电荷奇异性所产生的强电场。在同心圆电极的模型设置中，我们通过稳定性分析、数值模拟和实验可视化表明，不稳定性发生在内部阳极处，低于临界曲率半径曲率半径。的稳定性判据也制定了一个临界电场和推广到任意（2d）几何形状的保角映射。这一发现表明，通过用针状电极触发这种不稳定性，可以在受盐富集限制的过程中增强运输，例如反渗透。
英文摘要：
We report that an electro-osmotic instability of concentration enrichment in curved geometries for an aqueous electrolyte, as opposed to the well-known one, is initiated exclusively at the enriched interface (anode), rather than at the depleted one (cathode). For this instability, the limitation of unrealistically high material Peclet number in planar geometry is eliminated by the strong electric field arising from the line charge singularity. In a model setup of concentric circular electrodes, we show by stability analysis, numerical simulation, and experimental visualization that instability occurs at the inner anode, below a critical radius of curvature. The stability criterion is also formulated in terms of a critical electric field and extended to arbitrary (2d) geometries by conformal mapping. This discovery suggests that transport may be enhanced in processes limited by salt enrichment, such as reverse osmosis, by triggering this instability with needle-like electrodes.
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