Typical evaluations of fingerprint recognition systems consist of end-to-end black-box evaluations, which assess performance in terms of overall identification or authentication accuracy. However, these black-box tests of system performance do not reveal insights into the performance of the individual modules, including image acquisition, feature extraction, and matching. On the other hand, white-box evaluations, the topic of this paper, measure the individual performance of each constituent module in isolation. While a few studies have conducted white-box evaluations of the fingerprint reader, feature extractor, and matching components, no existing study has provided a full system, white-box analysis of the uncertainty introduced at each stage of a fingerprint recognition system. In this work, we extend previous white-box evaluations of fingerprint recognition system components and provide a unified, in-depth analysis of fingerprint recognition system performance based on the aggregated white-box evaluation results. In particular, we analyze the uncertainty introduced at each stage of the fingerprint recognition system due to adverse capture conditions (i.e., varying illumination, moisture, and pressure) at the time of acquisition. Our experiments show that a system that performs better overall, in terms of black-box recognition performance, does not necessarily perform best at each module in the fingerprint recognition system pipeline, which can only be seen with white-box analysis of each sub-module. Findings such as these enable researchers to better focus their efforts in improving fingerprint recognition systems.
我们在Box中开源了指纹匹配,这是一个嵌入在4英寸立方体中的完整的端到端指纹识别系统。盒中匹配与典型的庞大且昂贵的专有指纹识别系统形成对比,该系统需要将指纹图像发送到外部主机以进行处理以及随后的欺骗检测和匹配。特别是,Match in Box是第一款便携式,低成本和易于组装的指纹读取器,其注册数据库嵌入在读取器的内存中,开源指纹欺骗检测器,特征提取器和匹配器都在读取器的内部视觉处理单元(VPU)上运行。板载触摸屏和可充电电池组使该设备非常便携,非常适合将指纹认证(1:1比较)和指纹识别(1:N搜索)应用于农村社区(特别是发展中国家)的应用(疫苗接种跟踪,食品和福利分配计划,人口贩运预防)。我们还表明,由于其高分辨率(1900 μ m)的相机,匹配框适合捕捉新生儿指纹。
Diversity can be Transferred: Output Diversification for White- and Black-box Attacks
Department of Computer Science, Stanford University(斯坦福大学计算机科学系);Mitsubishi UFJ Trust Investment Technology Institute(三菱UFJ信托投资技术研究所);Japan Digital Design(日本数字设计公司(Japan Digital Design))
Patronus: Safeguarding Text-to-Image Models against White-Box Adversaries
College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University(南洋理工大学计算与数据科学学院);College of Electrical Engineering and the Ubiquitous System Security Lab (USSLab), Zhejiang University(浙江大学电子工程学院和无处不在系统安全实验室);ETH Zurich(苏黎世联邦理工学院)
Saliency strikes back: How filtering out high frequencies improves white-box explanations
Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University(布朗大学卡尼脑科学研究所);CerCo, CNRS(法国国家科学研究中心CerCo研究所);SNCF(法国国家铁路公司);Institute of Mathematics of Toulouse, University Paul Sabatier(保罗萨巴蒂埃大学图卢兹数学研究所)
Dendrite Net: A White-Box Module for Classification, Regression, and System Identification
Xi’an Jiaotong University(西安交通大学)
生物树突计算的模拟是人工智能发展的关键。本文提出了一种类似于支持向量机或多层感知器的基本机器学习算法--树枝状网络(DD)。DD的主要概念是,如果输出的逻辑表达式包含输入之间的相应类的逻辑关系(而$\backslash$或$\backslash$不包含),则算法可以在学习后识别该类。实验和主要结果:白盒机器学习算法DD对黑盒系统表现出良好的系统辨识性能。其次,通过9个实际应用验证了DD相对于模仿神经元细胞体(Cell body Net)进行回归的MLP结构具有更好的泛化能力。第三,通过MNIST和FASHION-MNIST数据集,验证了DD在更大的训练损失下比Cell body Net具有更高的分类准确率。模块的数量可以有效地调整DD的逻辑表达能力,避免过拟合,使其易于获得具有出色泛化能力的模型。最后,在MATLAB和PyTorch(Python)中的重复实验表明,DD在历元和前向传播方面都比Cell body Net快。本文的主要贡献是基本的机器学习算法(DD)具有白盒属性,可控精度更好的泛化能力,和较低的计算复杂性。DD不仅可以用于广义工程,而且DD作为深度学习的模块具有巨大的发展潜力。DD代码可在GitHub上获得:https://github.com/liugang1234567/Gang-neuron。