In this paper we report the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) detection of the gamma-ray emission toward the young star forming region W43. Using the latest source catalog and diffuse background models, the extended gamma-ray excess is detected with a significance of about 16 $σ$. The gamma-ray emission has a spectrum with a photon index of $2.3 \pm 0.1$. We also performed a detailed analysis of the gas content in this region by taking into account the opacity correction to the HI gas column density. The total cosmic-ray (CR) proton energy is estimated to be on the order of $10^{48}\ \rm erg,$ assuming the gamma-ray are produced from the interaction of the accelerated protons and nuclei with the ambient gas. Comparing this region to the other star formation regions in our Galaxy, we find that the CR luminosity is better correlated with the wind power than the star formation rate (SFR). This result suggests that CRs are primarily accelerated by stellar wind in these systems
Differential Sensitivity of the KM3NeT/ARCA detector to a diffuse neutrino flux and to point-like source emission: exploring the case of the Starburst Galaxies
A Chandra observation of the ultraluminous infrared galaxy IRAS 19254--7245 (the Superantennae): X-ray emission from the Compton-thick AGN and the diffuse starburst
我们提出了一个IRAS 19254- 7245的{ \it Chandra}观测，它是一个邻近的ULIRG，也被称为{ \it the Superantennas}。高空间分辨率的{ \it钱德拉}使我们能够解开第一次从嵌入康普顿厚的活动星系核的弥漫星暴辐射。活动星系核的2-10 keV辐射谱符合平坦的幂律（$Γ=1.3$）和类He的Fe K $α$谱线，EW $\sim$ 1.5 keV，与以前的观测结果一致。Fe K $α$谱线轮廓可以被解析为中性6.4 keV谱线和电离6.7 keV（类He）或6.9 keV（类H）谱线的混合。与以前的{ \it XMM-Newton}和{ \it suzaku}观测相比，检测到了变化，证明了铁谱线发射的紧凑尺寸。我们拟合的光谱的星系尺度扩展发射不包括活动星系核和其他亮点源的软热分量与kT~0.8 keV。扩展辐射的亮度比活动星系核的亮度低一个数量级。扩展辐射的基本物理和结构性质与星暴驱动的星系风完全一致（不需要AGN的反馈）。在南核以南8 \arcsec处检测到候选超亮X射线源。如果发射是各向同性的，并且与超天线有关，那么这个离核点源的0.3-10 keV光度为~ $6\times 10^{40}$ erg s $^{-1}$。
X-ray measurements of the elemental abundances for the diffuse emission in the nuclear starburst galaxy NGC 3079
Tsinghua University（清华大学）；Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院紫金山天文台）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；University of Michigan（密歇根大学）
利用 XMM-Newton 光谱研究 NGC 3079 的弥散 X 射线发射，通过元素丰度诊断反馈化学增丰，发现核区有电荷交换分量，并推断出前身星质量上限及间歇性反馈特征。
Multi-wavelength campaign on NGC 7469: III. Spectral energy distribution and the AGN wind photoionisation modelling, plus detection of diffuse X-rays from the starburst with Chandra HETGS
X-ray stellar feedback in low-metallicity starbursts: Insights from the template starburst galaxy ESO 338-IG04 and its halo
Institute for Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam（波茨坦大学物理与天文学研究所）；Department of Physics, University of Arkansas（阿肯色大学物理系）；Arkansas Center for Space and Planetary Sciences, University of Arkansas（阿肯色大学阿肯色空间与行星科学中心）；Department of Astronomy, The Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University（斯德哥尔摩大学奥斯卡·克莱因中心天文学系）；Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), INTA–CSIC（西班牙国家航空航天技术研究所-西班牙国家科学研究委员会天体生物学中心）；Department of Astronomy, U. Wisconsin-Madison（威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校天文学系）；ESA, ESAC（欧洲空间局欧洲空间应用与技术中心）
通过研究低金属licity恒星burst星系ESO 338-IG04，发现X射线源对电离光子预算的影响，并预测He II λ4686发射的亮度。
