arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2007.11773cs.DS
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约束度量$k$的PDKEEPAAA近似-中位数/均值

FPT Approximation for Constrained Metric $k$-Median/Means

Dishant Goyal, Ragesh Jaiswal, Amit Kumar

摘要:

度量$k$-度量空间$(\mathcal{X}, d)$上的中值问题定义如下:给定设施位置的集合$L \subseteq \mathcal{X}$和客户端的集合$C \subseteq \mathcal{X}$,打开$k$设施的集合$F \subseteq L$,使得定义为$Φ(F, C) \equiv \sum_{x \in C} \min_{f \in F} d(x, f)$的总服务成本最小化。度量$k$-均值问题的定义类似于使用平方距离。在许多应用中,存在任何解决方案需要满足的附加约束。这就产生了不同的约束版本的问题,如$r$-收集,容错,离群$k$-手段/$k$-中位数问题。令人惊讶的是,对于许多这些约束问题,没有常数近似算法是已知的。我们给FPT算法与常数近似保证一系列约束$k$-中位数/均值问题。对于某些约束问题,我们是第一个常数因子近似算法,而对于其他人,我们改进或匹配以前的作品的近似保证。我们工作的统一框架内丁和徐,使我们能够同时获得算法的一系列约束问题。特别地,我们分别得到了FPT时间下约束形式的$k$-中值和$k$-均值问题的$(3+\varepsilon)$-近似和$(9+\varepsilon)$-近似.在$k$-中位数/均值问题的许多实际设置中,允许在任何客户端位置打开设施,即,PDMATHAMV。对于这种特殊情况,我们的算法在FPT时间内分别给出了约束形式的$k$-median和$k$-means问题的$(2+\varepsilon)$-近似和$(4+\varepsilon)$-近似.由于我们的算法是基于简单的采样技术,它也可以转换为一个恒定的通过日志空间流算法。

英文摘要:

The Metric $k$-median problem over a metric space $(\mathcal{X}, d)$ is defined as follows: given a set $L \subseteq \mathcal{X}$ of facility locations and a set $C \subseteq \mathcal{X}$ of clients, open a set $F \subseteq L$ of $k$ facilities such that the total service cost, defined as $Φ(F, C) \equiv \sum_{x \in C} \min_{f \in F} d(x, f)$, is minimised. The metric $k$-means problem is defined similarly using squared distances. In many applications there are additional constraints that any solution needs to satisfy. This gives rise to different constrained versions of the problem such as $r$-gather, fault-tolerant, outlier $k$-means/$k$-median problem. Surprisingly, for many of these constrained problems, no constant-approximation algorithm is known. We give FPT algorithms with constant approximation guarantee for a range of constrained $k$-median/means problems. For some of the constrained problems, ours is the first constant factor approximation algorithm whereas for others, we improve or match the approximation guarantee of previous works. We work within the unified framework of Ding and Xu that allows us to simultaneously obtain algorithms for a range of constrained problems. In particular, we obtain a $(3+\varepsilon)$-approximation and $(9+\varepsilon)$-approximation for the constrained versions of the $k$-median and $k$-means problem respectively in FPT time. In many practical settings of the $k$-median/means problem, one is allowed to open a facility at any client location, i.e., $C \subseteq L$. For this special case, our algorithm gives a $(2+\varepsilon)$-approximation and $(4+\varepsilon)$-approximation for the constrained versions of $k$-median and $k$-means problem respectively in FPT time. Since our algorithm is based on simple sampling technique, it can also be converted to a constant-pass log-space streaming algorithm.

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