High-quality video inpainting that completes missing regions in video frames is a promising yet challenging task. State-of-the-art approaches adopt attention models to complete a frame by searching missing contents from reference frames, and further complete whole videos frame by frame. However, these approaches can suffer from inconsistent attention results along spatial and temporal dimensions, which often leads to blurriness and temporal artifacts in videos. In this paper, we propose to learn a joint Spatial-Temporal Transformer Network (STTN) for video inpainting. Specifically, we simultaneously fill missing regions in all input frames by self-attention, and propose to optimize STTN by a spatial-temporal adversarial loss. To show the superiority of the proposed model, we conduct both quantitative and qualitative evaluations by using standard stationary masks and more realistic moving object masks. Demo videos are available at https://github.com/researchmm/STTN.
Free-form video inpainting is a very challenging task that could be widely used for video editing such as text removal. Existing patch-based methods could not handle non-repetitive structures such as faces, while directly applying image-based inpainting models to videos will result in temporal inconsistency (see http://bit.ly/2Fu1n6b ). In this paper, we introduce a deep learn-ing based free-form video inpainting model, with proposed 3D gated convolutions to tackle the uncertainty of free-form masks and a novel Temporal PatchGAN loss to enhance temporal consistency. In addition, we collect vid…
We present a novel deep learning based algorithm for video inpainting. Video inpainting is a process of completing corrupted or missing regions in videos. Video inpainting has additional challenges compared to image inpainting due to the extra temporal information as well as the need for maintaining the temporal coherency. We propose a novel DNN-based framework called the Copy-and-Paste Networks for video inpainting that takes advantage of additional information in other frames of the video. The network is trained to copy corresponding contents in reference frames and paste them to fill the ho…
Video inpainting aims to fill spatio-temporal holes with plausible content in a video. Despite tremendous progress of deep neural networks for image inpainting, it is challenging to extend these methods to the video domain due to the additional time dimension. In this work, we propose a novel deep network architecture for fast video inpainting. Built upon an image-based encoder-decoder model, our framework is designed to collect and refine information from neighbor frames and synthesize still-unknown regions. At the same time, the output is enforced to be temporally consistent by a recurrent f…
The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）
Video inpainting, which aims at filling in missing regions of a video, remains challenging due to the difficulty of preserving the precise spatial and temporal coherence of video contents. In this work we propose a novel flow-guided video inpainting approach. Rather than filling in the RGB pixels of each frame directly, we consider video inpainting as a pixel propagation problem. We first synthesize a spatially and temporally coherent optical flow field across video frames using a newly designed Deep Flow Completion network. Then the synthesized flow field is used to guide the propagation of p…
Towards Language-Driven Video Inpainting via Multimodal Large Language Models
National Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence, Peking University（北京大学通用人工智能国家重点实验室）；S-Lab, Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学S-Lab实验室）；Shanghai AI Laboratory（上海人工智能实验室）；PKU-Wuhan Institute for Artificial Intelligence（北京大学武汉人工智能研究院）；Zhejiang University（浙江大学）
Quantitative evaluation has increased dramatically among recent video inpainting work, but the video and mask content used to gauge performance has received relatively little attention. Although attributes such as camera and background scene motion inherently change the difficulty of the task and affect methods differently, existing evaluation schemes fail to control for them, thereby providing minimal insight into inpainting failure modes. To address this gap, we propose the Diagnostic Evaluation of Video Inpainting on Landscapes (DEVIL) benchmark, which consists of two contributions: (i) a n…
Recent learning-based inpainting algorithms have achieved compelling results for completing missing regions after removing undesired objects in videos. To maintain the temporal consistency among the frames, 3D spatial and temporal operations are often heavily used in the deep networks. However, these methods usually suffer from memory constraints and can only handle low resolution videos. We propose STRA-Net, a novel spatial-temporal residual aggregation framework for high resolution video inpainting. The key idea is to first learn and apply a spatial and temporal inpainting network on the dow…
The University of Melbourne（墨尔本大学）；UBTECH Sydney AI Centre（优必选悉尼人工智能中心）；The University of Sydney（悉尼大学）；Deakin University（迪肯大学）
Video inpainting aims to restore missing regions of a video and has many applications such as video editing and object removal. However, existing methods either suffer from inaccurate short-term context aggregation or rarely explore long-term frame information. In this work, we present a novel context aggregation network to effectively exploit both short-term and long-term frame information for video inpainting. In the encoding stage, we propose boundary-aware short-term context aggregation, which aligns and aggregates, from neighbor frames, local regions that are closely related to the bounda…
Video object removal is a challenging task in video processing that often requires massive human efforts. Given the mask of the foreground object in each frame, the goal is to complete (inpaint) the object region and generate a video without the target object. While recently deep learning based methods have achieved great success on the image inpainting task, they often lead to inconsistent results between frames when applied to videos. In this work, we propose a novel learning-based Video Object Removal Network (VORNet) to solve the video object removal task in a spatio-temporally consistent …
Stanford University（斯坦福大学）；Adobe Research（奥多比研究院）；University of Surrey（萨里大学）
We propose a novel video inpainting algorithm that simultaneously hallucinates missing appearance and motion (optical flow) information, building upon the recent 'Deep Image Prior' (DIP) that exploits convolutional network architectures to enforce plausible texture in static images. In extending DIP to video we make two important contributions. First, we show that coherent video inpainting is possible without a priori training. We take a generative approach to inpainting based on internal (within-video) learning without reliance upon an external corpus of visual data to train a one-size-fits-a…
We propose the first deep learning solution to video frame inpainting, a challenging instance of the general video inpainting problem with applications in video editing, manipulation, and forensics. Our task is less ambiguous than frame interpolation and video prediction because we have access to both the temporal context and a partial glimpse of the future, allowing us to better evaluate the quality of a model's predictions objectively. We devise a pipeline composed of two modules: a bidirectional video prediction module, and a temporally-aware frame interpolation module. The prediction modul…
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）；Kuaishou Technology（快手科技）
Conventional video inpainting is neither object-oriented nor occlusion-aware, making it liable to obvious artifacts when large occluded object regions are inpainted. This paper presents occlusion-aware video object inpainting, which recovers both the complete shape and appearance for occluded objects in videos given their visible mask segmentation. To facilitate this new research, we construct the first large-scale video object inpainting benchmark YouTube-VOI to provide realistic occlusion scenarios with both occluded and visible object masks available. Our technical contribution VOIN jointly…
University of Maryland, College Park（马里兰大学帕克分校）；Facebook AI（脸书人工智能研究院）
This paper studies video inpainting detection, which localizes an inpainted region in a video both spatially and temporally. In particular, we introduce VIDNet, Video Inpainting Detection Network, which contains a two-stream encoder-decoder architecture with attention module. To reveal artifacts encoded in compression, VIDNet additionally takes in Error Level Analysis frames to augment RGB frames, producing multimodal features at different levels with an encoder. Exploring spatial and temporal relationships, these features are further decoded by a Convolutional LSTM to predict masks of inpaint…
Megvii (Face++)（旷视（Face++））；Shenzhen Research Inst. of Big Data（深圳大数据研究院）；The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学）
We present a new data-driven video inpainting method for recovering missing regions of video frames. A novel deep learning architecture is proposed which contains two sub-networks: a temporal structure inference network and a spatial detail recovering network. The temporal structure inference network is built upon a 3D fully convolutional architecture: it only learns to complete a low-resolution video volume given the expensive computational cost of 3D convolution. The low resolution result provides temporal guidance to the spatial detail recovering network, which performs image-based inpainti…
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）
We propose a novel framework for video inpainting by adopting an internal learning strategy. Unlike previous methods that use optical flow for cross-frame context propagation to inpaint unknown regions, we show that this can be achieved implicitly by fitting a convolutional neural network to known regions. Moreover, to handle challenging sequences with ambiguous backgrounds or long-term occlusion, we design two regularization terms to preserve high-frequency details and long-term temporal consistency. Extensive experiments on the DAVIS dataset demonstrate that the proposed method achieves stat…
University of Central Florida（中佛罗里达大学）；Megvii Technology（旷视科技）
In this paper, we present a new inpainting framework for recovering missing regions of video frames. Compared with image inpainting, performing this task on video presents new challenges such as how to preserving temporal consistency and spatial details, as well as how to handle arbitrary input video size and length fast and efficiently. Towards this end, we propose a novel deep learning architecture which incorporates ConvLSTM and optical flow for modeling the spatial-temporal consistency in videos. It also saves much computational resource such that our method can handle videos with larger f…
Nanjing University of Science and Technology（南京理工大学）；Illinois Institute of Technology（伊利诺伊理工学院）
Deep learning-based video inpainting has yielded promising results and gained increasing attention from researchers. Generally, these methods usually assume that the corrupted region masks of each frame are known and easily obtained. However, the annotation of these masks are labor-intensive and expensive, which limits the practical application of current methods. Therefore, we expect to relax this assumption by defining a new semi-supervised inpainting setting, making the networks have the ability of completing the corrupted regions of the whole video using the annotated mask of only one fram…
Deep Learning-based Image and Video Inpainting: A Survey
Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院自动化研究所）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；Sichuan University（四川大学）；King Abdullah University of Science and Technology（阿卜杜拉国王科技大学）
Recently, removing objects from videos and filling in the erased regions using deep video inpainting (VI) algorithms has attracted considerable attention. Usually, a video sequence and object segmentation masks for all frames are required as the input for this task. However, in real-world applications, providing segmentation masks for all frames is quite difficult and inefficient. Therefore, we deal with VI in a one-shot manner, which only takes the initial frame's object mask as its input. Although we can achieve that using naive combinations of video object segmentation (VOS) and VI methods,…
The University of Hong Kong（香港大学）；MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab（麻省理工学院-IBM沃森人工智能实验室）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen（香港中文大学（深圳））
This paper addresses the problem of face video inpainting. Existing video inpainting methods target primarily at natural scenes with repetitive patterns. They do not make use of any prior knowledge of the face to help retrieve correspondences for the corrupted face. They therefore only achieve sub-optimal results, particularly for faces under large pose and expression variations where face components appear very differently across frames. In this paper, we propose a two-stage deep learning method for face video inpainting. We employ 3DMM as our 3D face prior to transform a face between the ima…
In this paper, we propose to improve the inference speed and visual quality of contemporary baseline of Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) based unsupervised semantic inpainting. This is made possible with better initialization of the core iterative optimization involved in the framework. To our best knowledge, this is also the first attempt of GAN based video inpainting with consideration to temporal cues. On single image inpainting, we achieve about 4.5-5$\times$ speedup and 80$\times$ on videos compared to baseline. Simultaneously, our method has better spatial and temporal reconstructio…
CoCoCo: Improving Text-Guided Video Inpainting for Better Consistency, Controllability and Compatibility
The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学）；International Digital Economy Academy (IDEA)（国际数字经济学院）；The University of Hong Kong（香港大学）；Tsinghua University（清华大学）
We propose a novel feed-forward network for video inpainting. We use a set of sampled video frames as the reference to take visible contents to fill the hole of a target frame. Our video inpainting network consists of two stages. The first stage is an alignment module that uses computed homographies between the reference frames and the target frame. The visible patches are then aggregated based on the frame similarity to fill in the target holes roughly. The second stage is a non-local attention module that matches the generated patches with known reference patches (in space and time) to refin…
We propose a semi-supervised model for detecting anomalies in videos inspiredby the Video Pixel Network [van den Oord et al., 2016]. VPN is a probabilisticgenerative model based on a deep neural network that estimates the discrete jointdistribution of raw pixels in video frames. Our model extends the Convolutional-LSTM video encoder part of the VPN with a novel convolutional based attentionmechanism. We also modify the Pixel-CNN decoder part of the VPN to a frameinpainting task where a partially masked version of the frame to predict is given asinput. The frame reconstruction error is used as …
CUHK-SenseTime Joint Laboratory, The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学-商汤科技联合实验室，香港中文大学）；SenseTime Research（商汤科技研究院）；Zhejiang University（浙江大学）；School of CST, Xidian University（西安电子科技大学计算机科学与技术学院）
Video inpainting aims to fill the given spatiotemporal holes with realistic appearance but is still a challenging task even with prosperous deep learning approaches. Recent works introduce the promising Transformer architecture into deep video inpainting and achieve better performance. However, it still suffers from synthesizing blurry texture as well as huge computational cost. Towards this end, we propose a novel Decoupled Spatial-Temporal Transformer (DSTT) for improving video inpainting with exceptional efficiency. Our proposed DSTT disentangles the task of learning spatial-temporal attent…
M2SVid: End-to-End Inpainting and Refinement for Monocular-to-Stereo Video Conversion
Google（谷歌）；Tuebingen AI Center/University of Tuebingen（图宾根人工智能中心/图宾根大学）；Goethe University Frankfurt（法兰克福歌德大学）；MPI for Informatics, Saarland Informatics Campus（信息研究所，萨尔兰信息校区）；Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑技术大学）
Kuaishou Technology（快手科技）；SIGS, Tsinghua University（清华大学深圳国际研究生院）；Peng Cheng National Laboratory（鹏城国家实验室）
This paper proposes a novel video inpainting method. We make three main contributions: First, we extended previous Transformers with patch alignment by introducing Deformed Patch-based Homography (DePtH), which improves patch-level feature alignments without additional supervision and benefits challenging scenes with various deformation. Second, we introduce Mask Pruning-based Patch Attention (MPPA) to improve patch-wised feature matching by pruning out less essential features and using saliency map. MPPA enhances matching accuracy between warped tokens with invalid pixels. Third, we introduce…
ByteDance Inc.（字节跳动有限公司）；University of California, Davis（加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校）
Video inpainting aims to fill spatio-temporal "corrupted" regions with plausible content. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to find correspondences from neighbouring frames to faithfully hallucinate the unknown content. Current methods achieve this goal through attention, flow-based warping, or 3D temporal convolution. However, flow-based warping can create artifacts when optical flow is not accurate, while temporal convolution may suffer from spatial misalignment. We propose 'Progressive Temporal Feature Alignment Network', which progressively enriches features extracted from the current …
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Microsoft Research Asia（微软亚洲研究院）
We propose a flow-guided transformer, which innovatively leverage the motion discrepancy exposed by optical flows to instruct the attention retrieval in transformer for high fidelity video inpainting. More specially, we design a novel flow completion network to complete the corrupted flows by exploiting the relevant flow features in a local temporal window. With the completed flows, we propagate the content across video frames, and adopt the flow-guided transformer to synthesize the rest corrupted regions. We decouple transformers along temporal and spatial dimension, so that we can easily int…
