非线性光学中的彭罗斯超辐射
Penrose Superradiance in Nonlinear Optics
摘要：
从旋转的黑洞散射的粒子或波可以通过彭罗斯超辐射过程被放大，尽管这在天体物理学环境中目前还无法观察到。然而，模拟重力的研究可以创建通用的旋转几何表现出一个ergoregion，这导致了彭罗斯超辐射的第一次观察到的过度反射水波从旋转的流体漩涡。本文从理论上论证了彭罗斯超辐射在非线性光学领域中的自然产生。特别是，我们阐明的机制，信号光束可以经历增益或放大，因为它掠过一个强的涡旋泵光束在非线性散焦介质。这涉及到在泵浦涡旋的核心中捕获负范数模式，正如彭罗斯所预测的，这反过来又为信号光束提供了增益机制。我们的研究结果阐明了一个新的制度的非线性光学涉及的概念，一个ergoregion，并提供了进一步的洞察彭罗斯超辐射的过程。
英文摘要：
Particles or waves scattered from a rotating black hole can be amplified through the process of Penrose superradiance, though this cannot currently be observed in an astrophysical setting. However, analogue gravity studies can create generic rotating geometries exhibiting an ergoregion, and this led to the first observation of Penrose superradiance as the over-reflection of water waves from a rotating fluid vortex. Here we theoretically demonstrate that Penrose superradiance arises naturally in the field of nonlinear optics. In particular, we elucidate the mechanism by which a signal beam can experience gain or amplification as it glances off a strong vortex pump beam in a nonlinear defocusing medium. This involves the trapping of negative norm modes in the core of the pump vortex, as predicted by Penrose, which in turn provides a gain mechanism for the signal beam. Our results elucidate a new regime of nonlinear optics involving the notion of an ergoregion, and provide further insight into the processes involved in Penrose superradiance.
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