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arXiv 2007.07662cond-mat.quant-gasnlin.CD
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混沌引起的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的耗尽

Chaos-induced depletion of a Bose-Einstein condensate

Ralf Wanzenböck, Stefan Donsa, Harald Hofstätter, Othmar Koch, Peter Schlagheck, Iva Březinová

摘要:

玻色子量子多体系统的平均场极限(大部分)由非线性运动方程描述,这些运动方程可能非常具有经典粒子混沌的精神,即由希尔伯特空间中的轨迹的指数分离,其速率由正的李雅普诺夫指数$λ$给出。现在的问题是,即使在有限的粒子数下,$λ$是否会将自己印在量子多体系统的可测量的可观测值上。利用在浅势场中膨胀的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体作为玻色量子多体系统的一个典型例子,我们证明了非凝聚粒子的数量服从指数快速增长,即耗尽.此外,我们表明,指数耗尽率给出的李雅普诺夫指数与混沌平均场动力学。最后,我们证明,这种混沌诱导的耗尽是通过飞行时间后的总密度的干涉条纹的可见性实验访问,从而打开了可能性来测量$λ$,并与它,混沌和非平衡量子物质之间的相互作用,在一个真实的实验。

英文摘要:

The mean-field limit of a bosonic quantum many-body system is described by (mostly) non-linear equations of motion which may exhibit chaos very much in the spirit of classical particle chaos, i.e. by an exponential separation of trajectories in Hilbert space with a rate given by a positive Lyapunov exponent $λ$. The question now is whether $λ$ imprints itself onto measurable observables of the underlying quantum many-body system even at finite particle numbers. Using a Bose-Einstein condensate expanding in a shallow potential landscape as a paradigmatic example for a bosonic quantum many-body system, we show, that the number of non-condensed particles is subject to an exponentially fast increase, i.e. depletion. Furthermore, we show that the rate of exponential depletion is given by the Lyapunov exponent associated with the chaotic mean-field dynamics. Finally, we demonstrate that this chaos-induced depletion is accessible experimentally through the visibility of interference fringes in the total density after time of flight, thus opening the possibility to measure $λ$, and with it, the interplay between chaos and non-equilibrium quantum matter, in a real experiment.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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