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arXiv 2007.07372physics.flu-dyn
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随机地形上波浪边界层的感受性和转捩

Receptivity and transition in a wave boundary layer over random bottom topography

Asim Önder, Philip L. -F. Liu

摘要:

本文采用直接数值模拟方法研究了孤立波边界层在随机起伏的波浪状海底地形上的感受性和转捩机制。边界层流动显示出对来自底部的宽带扰动的选择性响应,并发展出流向拉长的条纹。当条纹达到高振幅时,它们通过调制小尺度波动和压力场来间接放大流向细长涡。这些更强的涡流反过来更有效地搅动边界层,并通过提升机制进一步强化条纹。这种非线性反馈回路增加了边界层对粗糙度水平的敏感性,并在具有不同粗糙度高度的相同雷诺数的情况下产生显著变化。三种不同的局部故障的情况下观察到的条纹的振幅:(一)在弱条纹的区域的二维波不稳定性;(二)内剪切层的不稳定性在中等振幅条纹的区域;(三)迅速增长的外剪切层的不稳定性在高度升高的高振幅条纹的区域。内部不稳定性在所有过渡路径中具有最慢的增长率,这证实了先前关于中等振幅条纹的稳定作用的预测(Önder & Liu,J. Fluid.机械、第896卷,2020,A20)。

英文摘要:

Direct numerical simulations are conducted to study the receptivity and transition mechanisms in a solitary wave boundary layer developing over randomly organized wave-like bottom topography. The boundary layer flow shows a selective response to broadband perturbations from the bottom, and develops streamwise-elongated streaks. When the streaks reach high amplitudes, they indirectly amplify streamwise-elongated vortices through modulating small-scale fluctuations and pressure fields. These stronger vortices in turn stir the boundary layer more effectively and further intensify streaks via the lift-up mechanism. This nonlinear feedback loop increases the sensitivity of the boundary layer to the roughness level and yields dramatic variations among cases sharing the same Reynolds number with differing roughness height. Three different local breakdown scenarios are observed depending on the amplitude of the streaks: (i) two-dimensional wave instabilities in the regions with weak streaks; (ii) inner shear-layer instabilities in the regions with moderate-amplitude streaks; (iii) rapidly growing outer shear-layer instabilities in the regions with highly elevated high-amplitude streaks. Inner instabilities have the slowest growth rate among all transition paths, which confirms the previous predictions on the stabilising role of moderate-amplitude streaks (Önder & Liu, J. Fluid. Mech., vol. 896, 2020, A20).

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