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arXiv 2007.06798physics.atom-phnucl-th
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$^{173}\mathrm{Yb}^+$的超精细结构：解决$^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$核八极矩难题

Hyperfine structure of $^{173}\mathrm{Yb}^+$: toward resolving the $^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$ nuclear octupole moment puzzle

Di Xiao, Jiguang Li, Wesley C. Campbell, Thomas Dellaert, Patrick McMillin, Anthony Ransford, Conrad Roman, Andrei Derevianko

发表信息：
Phys. Rev. A 102, 022810 (2020)
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摘要：

原子能级的超精细结构（HFS）是由于原子电子与核多极矩（包括磁偶极子、电四极矩和更高秩矩）的层次相互作用而产生的。最近，据报道，通过中性${}^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$的HFS测量确定了$^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$核的磁八极矩[PRA 87，012512（2013）]，并且比核理论预测大四个数量级。考虑到光谱提取值和核理论之间的实质性差异，在这里，我们建议使用一个替代系统来解决这种张力，一个相同$^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$同位素的单电荷离子。利用大量的工具，围绕$\mathrm{Yb}^+$开发的量子信息应用程序，我们建议提取核八极和十六极矩测量超精细分裂在极长寿命的第一激发态（$4f^{13}(^2\!F^{o})6s^2$，$J=7/2$）的$^{173}\mathrm{Yb}^+$。我们提出的原子结构计算结果，以支持建议的测量。

英文摘要：

Hyperfine structure (HFS) of atomic energy levels arises due to interactions of atomic electrons with a hierarchy of nuclear multipole moments, including magnetic dipole, electric quadrupole and higher rank moments. Recently, a determination of the magnetic octupole moment of the $^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$ nucleus was reported from HFS measurements in neutral ${}^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$ [PRA 87, 012512 (2013)], and is four orders of magnitude larger than the nuclear theory prediction. Considering this substantial discrepancy between the spectroscopically extracted value and nuclear theory, here we propose to use an alternative system to resolve this tension, a singly charged ion of the same $^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$ isotope. Utilizing the substantial suite of tools developed around $\mathrm{Yb}^+$ for quantum information applications, we propose to extract nuclear octupole and hexadecapole moments from measuring hyperfine splittings in the extremely long lived first excited state ($4f^{13}(^2\!F^{o})6s^2$, $J=7/2$) of $^{173}\mathrm{Yb}^+$. We present results of atomic structure calculations in support of the proposed measurements.

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