arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2007.06092physics.app-phcond-mat.mtrl-sci
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神经形态计算的自旋电子学

Spintronics for neuromorphic computing

J. Grollier, D. Querlioz, K. Y. Camsari, K. Everschor-Sitte, S. Fukami, M. D. Stiles

摘要:

神经形态计算使用受大脑启发的原理来设计电路,这些电路可以以比传统计算机更高的功率效率执行计算任务。然而,使用传统电子设备来创建人工神经元和突触的方法目前受到这些组件的能量和面积要求的限制。自旋电子纳米器件利用电子的磁性和电性,可以提高能量效率并减少这些电路的面积,并且磁性隧道结作为神经形态计算元件特别令人感兴趣,因为它们与标准集成电路兼容并且可以支持多种功能。在这里,我们回顾了神经形态计算自旋电子器件的发展。我们研究如何磁隧道结可以作为突触和神经元,以及如何磁纹理,如域壁和skyrmions,可以作为神经元。我们还探讨了基于自旋电子学的神经形态计算任务的实现,如关联记忆中的模式识别,并讨论了这些系统中存在的挑战。

英文摘要:

Neuromorphic computing uses brain-inspired principles to design circuits that can perform computational tasks with superior power efficiency to conventional computers. Approaches that use traditional electronic devices to create artificial neurons and synapses are, however, currently limited by the energy and area requirements of these components. Spintronic nanodevices, which exploit both the magnetic and electrical properties of electrons, can increase the energy efficiency and decrease the area of these circuits, and magnetic tunnel junctions are of particular interest as neuromorphic computing elements because they are compatible with standard integrated circuits and can support multiple functionalities. Here we review the development of spintronic devices for neuromorphic computing. We examine how magnetic tunnel junctions can serve as synapses and neurons, and how magnetic textures, such as domain walls and skyrmions, can function as neurons. We also explore spintronics-based implementations of neuromorphic computing tasks, such as pattern recognition in an associative memory, and discuss the challenges that exist in scaling up these systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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