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arXiv 2007.05430physics.acc-phphysics.plasm-ph
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动态laser脉冲中电子的真空加速

Vacuum acceleration of electrons in a dynamic laser pulse

Dillon Ramsey, Philip Franke, Tanner Simpson, Dustin Froula, John Palastro

摘要:

平面激光脉冲在真空中传播时会产生极大的有质动力。然而,这种力不能将净能量传递给电子:当脉冲超过电子时,来自其上升沿的初始脉冲完全被来自其后沿的相等且相反的脉冲所抵消。在这里,我们表明,平面状的“飞焦”脉冲可以打破这种对称性,赋予相对论能量的电子。飞行焦点的强度峰值--一个移动的焦点,由啁啾激光脉冲通过彩色透镜聚焦产生--可以以任何亚光速向前或向后移动。因此,电子可以在强度峰值的上升沿获得足够的动量,以超过并避免后沿。加速强度峰值可以进一步提高动量增益。理论和模拟表明,这些动态强度峰值可以向后加速电子到高能量密度材料的辐射和电子衍射探针所需的MeV能量。

英文摘要:

A planar laser pulse propagating in vacuum can exhibit an extremely large ponderomotive force. This force, however, cannot impart net energy to an electron: As the pulse overtakes the electron, the initial impulse from its rising edge is completely undone by an equal and opposite impulse from its trailing edge. Here we show that planar-like "flying focus" pulses can break this symmetry, imparting relativistic energies to electrons. The intensity peak of a flying focus-a moving focal point resulting from a chirped laser pulse focused by a chromatic lens-can travel at any subluminal velocity, forwards or backwards. As a result, an electron can gain enough momentum in the rising edge of the intensity peak to outrun and avoid the trailing edge. Accelerating the intensity peak can further boost the momentum gain. Theory and simulations demonstrate that these dynamic intensity peaks can backwards accelerate electrons to the MeV energies required for radiation and electron diffraction probes of high energy density materials.

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