arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2007.03316cs.SIcs.LG
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基于持续学习的图神经网络在社交媒体虚假新闻检测中的应用

Graph Neural Networks with Continual Learning for Fake News Detection from Social Media

The University of Melbourne(墨尔本大学)

Yi Han, Shanika Karunasekera, Christopher Leckie

摘要:

尽管在事实核查方面做出了重大努力,但社交媒体上假新闻的盛行仍然是一个严重的问题,对司法、公众信任和我们的社会产生了深远的影响。在这项工作中,我们专注于基于传播的假新闻检测,因为最近的研究表明,假新闻和真实新闻在网上的传播方式不同。具体来说,考虑到图神经网络(GNNs)处理非欧数据的能力,我们使用GNNs来区分社交媒体上假新闻和真新闻的传播模式。特别是,我们集中在两个问题:(1)不依赖于任何文本信息,例如,Twitter内容、回复和用户描述,GNN识别假新闻的准确性如何?众所周知,机器学习模型容易受到对抗攻击的攻击,避免依赖基于文本的特征可以使模型不太容易受到先进的假新闻制造者的操纵。(2)如何处理新的、看不见的数据?换句话说,在给定数据集上训练的GNN如何在新的和可能截然不同的数据集上执行?如果它达到了令人不满意的性能,我们如何解决这个问题,而不从头开始在整个数据上重新训练模型?我们在两个包含数千个标记新闻条目的数据集上研究了上述问题,我们的结果表明:(1)GNN可以在没有任何文本信息的情况下实现与最先进方法相当或更好的性能。(2)在给定数据集上训练的GNN可能在新的、看不见的数据上表现不佳,直接增量训练无法解决这个问题--这个问题在以前的工作中没有得到解决,这些工作将GNN应用于假新闻检测。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种方法,通过使用持续学习的技术来增量地训练GNNs,在现有和新的数据集上实现平衡的性能。

英文摘要:

Although significant effort has been applied to fact-checking, the prevalence of fake news over social media, which has profound impact on justice, public trust and our society, remains a serious problem. In this work, we focus on propagation-based fake news detection, as recent studies have demonstrated that fake news and real news spread differently online. Specifically, considering the capability of graph neural networks (GNNs) in dealing with non-Euclidean data, we use GNNs to differentiate between the propagation patterns of fake and real news on social media. In particular, we concentrate on two questions: (1) Without relying on any text information, e.g., tweet content, replies and user descriptions, how accurately can GNNs identify fake news? Machine learning models are known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks, and avoiding the dependence on text-based features can make the model less susceptible to the manipulation of advanced fake news fabricators. (2) How to deal with new, unseen data? In other words, how does a GNN trained on a given dataset perform on a new and potentially vastly different dataset? If it achieves unsatisfactory performance, how do we solve the problem without re-training the model on the entire data from scratch? We study the above questions on two datasets with thousands of labelled news items, and our results show that: (1) GNNs can achieve comparable or superior performance without any text information to state-of-the-art methods. (2) GNNs trained on a given dataset may perform poorly on new, unseen data, and direct incremental training cannot solve the problem---this issue has not been addressed in the previous work that applies GNNs for fake news detection. In order to solve the problem, we propose a method that achieves balanced performance on both existing and new datasets, by using techniques from continual learning to train GNNs incrementally.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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