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arXiv 2007.02311physics.ed-ph
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刻板印象威胁对物理导论中性别差异的影响

The impact of stereotype threat on gender gap in introductory physics

Alexandru Maries, Nafis I Karim, Chandralekha Singh

摘要:

许多先前的研究发现,男女学生在力概念量表(FCI)和电和磁的概念调查(CSEM)等概念评估方面的表现存在性别差距,男生表现优于女生。先前的研究还发现,激活关于一个群体或刻板印象威胁的负面刻板印象,要求考生在参加考试前说明其族裔,可能导致陈规定型群体的成绩下降。在这里,我们描述了两项研究中,我们调查了性别差距的FCI和CSEM。在第一项研究中,我们调查了与没有被要求提供这些信息的学生相比,要求学生在参加CSEM之前立即表明他们的性别是否会增加性别差距。在第二项研究中,进行了1100多名物理入门学生,我们调查了流行的信念,即男性一般表现更好的物理比女性,在何种程度上这种信念是与表现的女性和男性学生的FCI。

英文摘要:

Many prior studies have found a gender gap between male and female students' performance on conceptual assessments such as the Force Concept Inventory (FCI) and the Conceptual Survey of Electricity and Magnetism (CSEM) with male students performing better than female students. Prior studies have also found that activation of a negative stereotype about a group or stereotype threat, e.g., asking test-takers to indicate their ethnicity before taking a test, can lead to deteriorated performance of the stereotyped group. Here, we describe two studies in which we investigated the gender gap on the FCI and CSEM. In the first study, we investigated whether asking students to indicate their gender immediately before taking hte CSEM increased the gender gap compared to students who were not asked for this information. In the second study, conducted with over 1100 introductory physics students, we investigated the prevalence of the belief that men generally perform better in physics than women and the extent to which this belief is correlated with the performance of both the female and male students on the FCI.

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