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arXiv 2007.00412quant-phcond-mat.mes-hall
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自旋浴中时钟跃迁退相干的量子关联展开研究

Cluster-correlation expansion for studying decoherence of clock transitions in spin baths

Geng-Li Zhang, Wen-Long Ma, Ren-Bao Liu

摘要:

中心自旋的时钟跃迁(CT)具有较长的相干时间,因为它们的频率波动在外场噪声(例如来自核自旋浴的Overhauser场)的线性顺序中消失。因此,CT对于量子技术是有用的。此外,频率对噪声的二次依赖性使得CT退相干成为一个有趣的物理问题。因此,我们有动机研究CT的退相干。我们考虑来自旋转浴的噪声,这是量子比特退相干的最相关机制之一。各种量子多体方法已经发展到研究自旋浴中中心自旋的退相干。特别地,团簇关联展开(CCE)系统地解释了导致中心自旋退相干的多体关联。然而,CCE不能直接应用于旋转浴中的CT,因为由于噪声的二次项(例如,由核自旋浴的超精细相互作用介导的二级相互作用)。在这项工作中,我们开发了一种改进的CCE方法来解决这类退相干问题。通过对角化超精细相互作用的每个浴本征态的中心自旋哈密顿量,我们发现,长程相互作用的影响被吸收的中心自旋本征能的波动的形式的单自旋关联。我们将该方法应用于两个具体的系统,即氮空位中心电子在近零磁场中的自旋和双量子点中两个电子的单重态-三重态跃迁。数值模拟表明,修正的CCE收敛速度快的CT。

英文摘要:

The clock transitions (CTs) of central spins have long coherence times because their frequency fluctuations vanish in the linear order of external field noise (such as Overhauser fields from nuclear spin baths). Therefore, CTs are useful for quantum technologies. Also, the quadratic dependence of frequencies on noises makes the CT decoherence an interesting physics problem. Thus we are motivated to study the decoherence of CTs. We consider noise from spin baths, which is one of the most relevant mechanisms of qubit decoherence. Various quantum many-body methods have been developed to study the decoherence of a central spin in spin baths. In particular, the cluster-correlation expansion (CCE) systematically accounts for the many-body correlations that cause the central spin decoherence. However, the CCE can not be straightforwardly applied to CTs in spin baths, for the expansion may fail to converge due to the effective long-range interactions resulting from the quadratic term of the noise (e.g., the second-order interaction mediated by hyperfine interactions for a nuclear spin bath). In this work, we develop a modified CCE method to tackle this class of decoherence problems. By diagonalizing the central spin Hamiltonian for each bath eigenstate of the hyperfine interaction, we find that the effects of long-range interactions are absorbed as fluctuations of central spin eigenenergies in the form of single-spin correlations. We apply the method to two specific systems, namely, nitrogen vacancy center electron spins in near zero magnetic field and singlet-triplet transition of two electrons in a double quantum dot. The numerical simulation shows that the modified CCE converges rapidly for the CTs.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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