arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2007.00180stat.MEstat.APstat.CO
收藏

高维问题中估计稀有事件概率的哈密顿 MCMC 方法

Hamiltonian MCMC methods for estimating rare events probabilities in high-dimensional problems

Konstantinos G. Papakonstantinou, Hamed Nikbakht, Elsayed Eshra

AI总结:

针对高维复杂工程系统中的稀有事件概率估计问题,提出集成 ASTPA 框架与梯度 HMCMC 的方法,开发高效 QNp-HMCMC 采样方案及逆重要性抽样后处理步骤,性能优于 Subset Simulation。

摘要:

准确且高效地估计稀有事件概率具有重要意义,因为此类事件的发生往往具有广泛的影响。本工作的重点是精确量化这些概率,这类问题常见于复杂工程系统的可靠性分析中。研究基于一个称为带后处理调整的近似采样目标(ASTPA)的框架进行,该框架在此与基于梯度的哈密顿马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛(HMCMC)方法相集成并由其提供支持。本文开发的技术适用于低维到高维随机空间,其基本思想是利用极限状态函数,通过一维输出似然模型对原始随机变量空间进行加权,从而构建相关的目标分布。为了从该目标分布中采样,我们采用了 HMCMC 算法,这是一类利用物理系统动力学(而非仅仅使用提议概率分布)来生成相距较远的序列样本的 MCMC 方法;我们还开发了一种新的拟牛顿质量预条件 HMCMC 方案(QNp-HMCMC),该方案特别高效且适用于高维空间。为了最终计算稀有事件概率,设计了一个原始的采样后处理步骤,该步骤利用基于已获样本的逆重要性抽样过程。本文还分析了估计量的统计特性,并在一系列具有挑战性的低维和高维问题中详细检验了所提方法的性能,将其与 Subset Simulation 进行了比较。

英文摘要:

Accurate and efficient estimation of rare events probabilities is of significant importance, since often the occurrences of such events have widespread impacts. The focus in this work is on precisely quantifying these probabilities, often encountered in reliability analysis of complex engineering systems, based on an introduced framework termed Approximate Sampling Target with Post-processing Adjustment (ASTPA), which herein is integrated with and supported by gradient-based Hamiltonian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (HMCMC) methods. The developed techniques in this paper are applicable from low- to high-dimensional stochastic spaces, and the basic idea is to construct a relevant target distribution by weighting the original random variable space through a one-dimensional output likelihood model, using the limit-state function. To sample from this target distribution, we exploit HMCMC algorithms, a family of MCMC methods that adopts physical system dynamics, rather than solely using a proposal probability distribution, to generate distant sequential samples, and we develop a new Quasi-Newton mass preconditioned HMCMC scheme (QNp-HMCMC), which is particularly efficient and suitable for high-dimensional spaces. To eventually compute the rare event probability, an original post-sampling step is devised using an inverse importance sampling procedure based on the already obtained samples. The statistical properties of the estimator are analyzed as well, and the performance of the proposed methodology is examined in detail and compared against Subset Simulation in a series of challenging low- and high-dimensional problems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑