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arXiv 2006.16070physics.ed-ph
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双缝实验量子互动学习教程,提高学生对量子物理的理解

Quantum interactive learning tutorial on the double-slit experiment to improve student understanding of quantum physics

Ryan Sayer, Alexandru Maries, Chandralekha Singh

摘要:

学习量子力学是具有挑战性的,即使是高水平的本科生和研究生。建立在学生先前知识基础上的经研究验证的交互式教程可以成为加强学生学习的有用工具。我们一直在调查学生在各种情况下与双缝实验有关的量子力学的困难,这些困难似乎是违反直觉的,并与粒子和波的经典概念相矛盾。例如,如果我们让单个电子穿过狭缝,它们可能在实验的一部分中表现为“波”,而在同一实验的另一部分中表现为“粒子”。在这里,我们讨论了一个研究验证的量子交互式学习平台(QuILT)的开发和评估,它利用交互式模拟来提高学生对双缝实验的理解,并努力帮助学生掌握量子力学的基础问题。我们讨论了常见的学生的困难,确定在开发和评估的QuILT和分析的数据,从前测和后测管理的高层次的本科生和一年级的物理研究生之前和之后,他们工作的QuILT,以评估其有效性。这些数据表明,平均而言,QuILT有效地帮助学生对量子力学中的基础概念有了更深入的理解,这些概念在双缝实验的背景下违背了经典直觉。此外,高年级本科生在后测中的表现优于物理研究生。这种表现差异的一个可能原因可能是由于等级激励导致的学生对QuILT的参与程度。在本科课程中,后测试是根据正确性来评分的,而在研究生课程中,它只根据完整性来评分。

英文摘要:

Learning quantum mechanics is challenging, even for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students. Research-validated interactive tutorials that build on students' prior knowledge can be useful tools to enhance student learning. We have been investigating student difficulties with quantum mechanics pertaining to the double-slit experiment in various situations that appear to be counterintuitive and contradict classical notions of particles and waves. For example, if we send single electrons through the slits, they may behave as a "wave" in part of the experiment and as a "particle" in another part of the same experiment. Here we discuss the development and evaluation of a research-validated Quantum Interactive Learning Tutorial (QuILT) which makes use of an interactive simulation to improve student understanding of the double-slit experiment and strives to help students develop a good grasp of foundational issues in quantum mechanics. We discuss common student difficulties identified during the development and evaluation of the QuILT and analyze the data from the pretest and post test administered to the upper-level undergraduate and first-year physics graduate students before and after they worked on the QuILT to assess its effectiveness. These data suggest that on average, the QuILT was effective in helping students develop a more robust understanding of foundational concepts in quantum mechanics that defy classical intuition using the context of the double-slit experiment. Moreover, the upper-level undergraduates outperformed physics graduate students on the post test. One possible reason for this difference in performance may be the level of student engagement with the QuILT due to the grade incentive. In the undergraduate course, the post test was graded for correctness while in the graduate course, it was only graded for completeness.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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