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arXiv 2006.14967astro-ph.IMastro-ph.EP
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UV小型卫星天文

UV astronomy with small satellites

Pol Ribes-Pleguezuelo, Fanny Keller, Matteo Taccola

摘要:

具有高性能航空电子设备的小型卫星平台正变得越来越便宜。到目前为止,除了少数例外,小型卫星主要用于地球观测。然而,天文学是一个迷人的领域,具有大型任务的历史和有前途的大型任务候选人的未来。这引发了许多问题;最近小型卫星的可负担性是否会改变空间天文学的格局?小型卫星可在哪些方面有助于天文学的潜在应用和感兴趣的科学专题是什么?要成功地解决感兴趣的天文学调查,需要满足哪些要求和目标?哪种仪器最适合小型平台和科学用例?本文讨论了可能的科学用例,可以实现一个相对较小的望远镜孔径为36厘米,作为一个例子。这项调查的结果指出了一个特定的利基市场-紫外光谱范围内的天文观测。紫外线天文学是一个具有重要科学影响的研究领域。然而,它并不是许多当前或过去天文学研究的焦点。紫外天文学测量不能从地球上进行,由于大气吸收在这一光谱范围。该研究领域目前很少涉及,但对一个大社区具有科学兴趣。小型卫星为紫外线天文学提供了更多的研究手段。因此,本文还提出了一种仪器设计,具有适度的望远镜孔径,光谱仪和探测器,适用于紫外线观测。天文台的设计可以容纳在小型平台上,用于选定的科学用例。它满足这些用例的科学目标和要求。

英文摘要:

Small satellite platforms with high performance avionics are becoming more affordable. So far, with a few exceptions, small satellites have been mainly dedicated to earth observation. However, astronomy is a fascinating field with a history of large missions and a future of promising large mission candidates. This prompts many questions; can the recent affordability of small satellites change the landscape of space astronomy? What are the potential applications and scientific topics of interest, where small satellites could be instrumental for astronomy? What are the requirements and objectives that need to be fulfilled to successfully address the astronomical investigations of interest? Which kind of instrumentation suits the small platforms and the scientific use cases best? This paper discusses possible scientific use cases that can be achievable with a relatively small telescope aperture of 36 cm, as an example. The result of this survey points to a specific niche market -astronomy observation in the UV spectral range. UV astronomy is a research field which has had valuable scientific impact. It is, however, not the focus of many current or past astronomical investigations. UV astronomy measurements cannot be made from earth, due to atmospheric absorption in this spectral range. The research field is currently sparsely addressed but of scientific interest for a large community. Small satellites offer the opportunity to provide more means of research for UV astronomy. Therefore, this paper also presents an instrument design with a modest telescope aperture, a spectrometer and a detector that is suitable for observations in the UV. The observatory design can be accommodated on small platforms for the selected scientific use cases. It fulfills the scientific objectives and requirements of those use cases.

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