大气中微子实验中从振荡谷到振荡谷
From oscillation dip to oscillation valley in atmospheric neutrino experiments
摘要：
由于大气中微子实验在很大的$L/E$范围内具有灵敏度，因此可以在数据中显示出“振荡下降”的特征。在可以区分中微子和反中微子的实验中，如INO，可以分别在这两个通道中观察到振荡下降。我们提出的倾角识别算法采用数据驱动的方法-一个使用的不对称性的上行和下行的事件，在重建的$L/E$的μ子-证明倾角，这将证实振荡假说。我们进一步提出，第一次，在重建（$E_μ$，$\,\cosθ_μ$）平面的“振荡谷”的识别，可行的ICAL具有良好的μ子能量和方向分辨率的探测器。我们说明了如何这个二维谷将提供一个清晰的视觉表示和测试的$L/E$的依赖，对齐的山谷量化大气质量平方差。由于INO ICAL探测器的电荷识别能力，我们总是分别使用$μ^{-}$和$μ^{+}$事件来给出我们的结果。考虑到统计涨落和系统误差，以及振荡参数在当前允许范围内的变化，我们用ICAL的10年模拟数据估计了大气中微子振荡参数的精度。
英文摘要：
Atmospheric neutrino experiments can show the "oscillation dip" feature in data, due to their sensitivity over a large $L/E$ range. In experiments that can distinguish between neutrinos and antineutrinos, like INO, oscillation dips can be observed in both these channels separately. We present the dip-identification algorithm employing a data-driven approach -- one that uses the asymmetry in the upward-going and downward-going events, binned in the reconstructed $L/E$ of muons -- to demonstrate the dip, which would confirm the oscillation hypothesis. We further propose, for the first time, the identification of an "oscillation valley" in the reconstructed ($E_μ$,$\,\cosθ_μ$) plane, feasible for detectors like ICAL having excellent muon energy and direction resolutions. We illustrate how this two-dimensional valley would offer a clear visual representation and test of the $L/E$ dependence, the alignment of the valley quantifying the atmospheric mass-squared difference. Owing to the charge identification capability of the ICAL detector at INO, we always present our results using $μ^{-}$ and $μ^{+}$ events separately. Taking into account the statistical fluctuations and systematic errors, and varying oscillation parameters over their currently allowed ranges, we estimate the precision to which atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters would be determined with the 10-year simulated data at ICAL using our procedure.
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