arXiv 2101.026072021-01hep-phhep-exphysics.ins-det

大气中微子实验中探测非标准相互作用的一种新方法

A New Approach to Probe Non-Standard Interactions in Atmospheric Neutrino Experiments

Anil Kumar, Amina Khatun, Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, Amol Dighe

备注：: 30 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables. Published in JHEP. Matches with the published version
DOI：: 10.1007/JHEP04(2021)159

摘要：

我们提出了一种新的方法来探索中性电流非标准中微子相互作用（NSI）在大气中微子实验中使用振荡骤降和谷重建μ子可观测量，在像ICAL，可以识别μ子电荷的检测器。我们专注于味道改变的NSI参数$\varepsilon_{μτ}$，这对μ子的生存概率在这些实验中的影响最大。我们发现，非零的$\varepsilon_{μτ}$移动的振荡下降的位置在$L/E$分布的向上/向下的事件比重建的$μ^-$和$μ^+$在相反的方向。我们引入了一个新的变量$Δd$来表示$μ^-$和$μ^+$中倾角位置的差异，它对$\varepsilon_{μτ}$的大小和符号都很敏感，而与$Δm^2_{32}$的值无关。我们进一步注意到，在（$E$，$\cos θ$）平面中的振荡谷的重建μ子观测值弯曲的存在NSI，其曲率具有相反的符号为$μ^-$和$μ^+$。我们证明了NSI的识别与此曲率，这是可行的，如ICAL具有良好的μ子能量和方向分辨率的探测器。我们说明了如何在$μ^-$和$μ^+$谷的曲率的对比度的测量可以用来估计$\varepsilon_{μτ}$。使用这些建议的振荡倾角和谷值测量，$|\varepsilon_{μτ}|$在90% C. L.在500 kt $\cdot$年暴露量下约为2%。统计波动，系统误差和振荡参数的不确定性的影响已被纳入使用多组模拟数据。我们的方法将提供一个直接和强大的测量$\varepsilon_{μτ}$在多GeV的能量范围。

英文摘要：

We propose a new approach to explore the neutral-current non-standard neutrino interactions (NSI) in atmospheric neutrino experiments using oscillation dips and valleys in reconstructed muon observables, at a detector like ICAL that can identify the muon charge. We focus on the flavor-changing NSI parameter $\varepsilon_{μτ}$, which has the maximum impact on the muon survival probability in these experiments. We show that non-zero $\varepsilon_{μτ}$ shifts the oscillation dip locations in $L/E$ distributions of the up/down event ratios of reconstructed $μ^-$ and $μ^+$ in opposite directions. We introduce a new variable $Δd$ representing the difference of dip locations in $μ^-$ and $μ^+$, which is sensitive to the magnitude as well as the sign of $\varepsilon_{μτ}$, and is independent of the value of $Δm^2_{32}$. We further note that the oscillation valley in the ($E$, $\cos θ$) plane of the reconstructed muon observables bends in the presence of NSI, its curvature having opposite signs for $μ^-$ and $μ^+$. We demonstrate the identification of NSI with this curvature, which is feasible for detectors like ICAL having excellent muon energy and direction resolutions. We illustrate how the measurement of contrast in the curvatures of valleys in $μ^-$ and $μ^+$ can be used to estimate $\varepsilon_{μτ}$. Using these proposed oscillation dip and valley measurements, the achievable precision on $|\varepsilon_{μτ}|$ at 90% C.L. is about 2% with 500 kt$\cdot$yr exposure. The effects of statistical fluctuations, systematic errors, and uncertainties in oscillation parameters have been incorporated using multiple sets of simulated data. Our method would provide a direct and robust measurement of $\varepsilon_{μτ}$ in the multi-GeV energy range.

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