arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2006.11527cs.CLcs.LGcs.NE
收藏

存储器Transformer

Memory Transformer

Neural Networks and Deep Learning Lab(神经网络与深度学习实验室);Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology(莫斯科物理技术学院);Intento, Inc.(Intento公司)

Mikhail S. Burtsev, Yuri Kuratov, Anton Peganov, Grigory V. Sapunov

摘要:

基于转换器的模型在许多自然语言处理任务中取得了最先进的成果。自注意体系结构允许Transformer将来自序列的所有元素的信息组合成上下文感知的表示。然而,关于上下文的信息主要存储在相同的元素表示中。这可能会限制处理与序列相关的属性的整体难度。添加可训练记忆以选择性地存储序列的局部以及全局表示是改进Transformer模型的有希望的方向。记忆增强的神经网络(MANN)扩展了传统的神经架构与通用存储器的表示。MANN已经证明了学习简单算法(如Copy或Reverse)的能力,并且可以通过反向传播成功地训练各种任务,从问答到语言建模,性能优于RNN和LSTM。在这项工作中,我们提出并研究了几个扩展的Transformer基线(1)通过添加内存令牌来存储非本地表示,(2)创建内存瓶颈的全局信息,(3)控制内存更新与专用层。我们评估这些内存增强的Transformers,并证明存在的内存正相关的模型性能的机器翻译和语言建模任务。使用记忆令牌增强预训练的掩蔽语言模型显示了来自GLUE基准测试的任务的混合结果。对记忆中注意力模式的可视化表明,它提高了模型处理全局上下文的能力。

英文摘要:

Transformer-based models have achieved state-of-the-art results in many natural language processing tasks. The self-attention architecture allows transformer to combine information from all elements of a sequence into context-aware representations. However, information about the context is stored mostly in the same element-wise representations. This might limit the processing of properties related to the sequence as a whole more difficult. Adding trainable memory to selectively store local as well as global representations of a sequence is a promising direction to improve the Transformer model. Memory-augmented neural networks (MANNs) extend traditional neural architectures with general-purpose memory for representations. MANNs have demonstrated the capability to learn simple algorithms like Copy or Reverse and can be successfully trained via backpropagation on diverse tasks from question answering to language modeling outperforming RNNs and LSTMs of comparable complexity. In this work, we propose and study few extensions of the Transformer baseline (1) by adding memory tokens to store non-local representations, (2) creating memory bottleneck for the global information, (3) controlling memory update with dedicated layer. We evaluate these memory augmented Transformers and demonstrate that presence of memory positively correlates with the model performance for machine translation and language modelling tasks. Augmentation of pre-trained masked language model with memory tokens shows mixed results for tasks from GLUE benchmark. Visualization of attention patterns over the memory suggest that it improves the model's ability to process a global context.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑