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arXiv 2006.11229astro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
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核星系团轨道与活动星系核吸积盘的对准

Aligning Nuclear Cluster Orbits with an Active Galactic Nucleus Accretion Disk

Gaia Fabj, Syeda S. Nasim, Freddy Caban, K. E. Saavik Ford, Barry McKernan, Jillian M. Bellovary

摘要:

活动星系核(AGN)是由气体盘吸积到超大质量黑洞(SMBH)上提供动力的。在核星团(NSC)中围绕SMBH运行的恒星和恒星残骸将与AGN盘相互作用。轨道飞行器在穿过圆盘时会受到一个拖曳力,通过反复的穿越,它们的轨道会被圆盘捕获。活动星系核盘中的嵌入天体群可能是双星黑洞合并、超新星、潮汐破裂事件和嵌入伽马射线暴的重要来源。对于两个有代表性的活动星系核盘模型,我们使用几何阻力和Bondi-Hoyle-Littleton阻力来确定恒星和恒星残骸的捕获时间。我们假设一个范围内的初始倾角和半长轴的圆形开普勒轨道器。捕获时间在很大程度上取决于所选盘模型的密度和纵横比、恒星物体相对于盘的相对速度以及活动星系核的寿命。我们预计,对于活动星系核盘密度$ρ\gtrsim 10^{-11}\rm g/cm^3$和盘寿命$\geq 1$百万年,有一个显着的人口嵌入恒星物体,这可以燃料合并检测引力波与LIGO-Virgo和LISA。

英文摘要:

Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are powered by the accretion of disks of gas onto supermassive black holes (SMBHs). Stars and stellar remnants orbiting the SMBH in the nuclear star cluster (NSC) will interact with the AGN disk. Orbiters plunging through the disk experience a drag force and, through repeated passage, can have their orbits captured by the disk. A population of embedded objects in AGN disks may be a significant source of binary black hole mergers, supernovae, tidal disruption events and embedded gamma-ray bursts. For two representative AGN disk models we use geometric drag and Bondi-Hoyle-Littleton drag to determine the time to capture for stars and stellar remnants. We assume a range of initial inclination angles and semi-major axes for circular Keplerian prograde orbiters. Capture time strongly depends on the density and aspect ratio of the chosen disk model, the relative velocity of the stellar object with respect to the disk, and the AGN lifetime. We expect that for an AGN disk density $ρ\gtrsim 10^{-11}\rm g/cm^3$ and disk lifetime $\geq 1$Myr, there is a significant population of embedded stellar objects, which can fuel mergers detectable in gravitational waves with LIGO-Virgo and LISA.

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